芬蘭在海上演練登船臨檢，以阻止海底破壞行動

作者：埃西・萊赫托（Essi Lehto）、湯姆・利特爾（Tom Little）By Essi Lehto and Tom Little

芬蘭灣，9月17日（路透社）——芬蘭當局週四在波羅的海登上一艘目標船舶並進行搜索。官員表示，這場實兵演練顯示，在一連串事件發生後，該地區嚴肅看待海底破壞行動的威脅。GULF OF FINLAND, Sept 17 (Reuters) - Finnish authorities boarded and searched a target vessel in the Baltic Sea on Thursday in a live drill that officials said shows how seriously the region takes the threat of undersea sabotage after a string of incidents.

自俄羅斯2022年入侵烏克蘭後，芬蘭及更廣泛的波羅的海地區陸續發生電力電纜、電信線路和天然氣管線斷裂事件，引發外界擔憂關鍵基礎設施缺乏充分保護。Finland and the wider Baltic Sea region have experienced ruptures of power cables, telecom lines and gas pipelines following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022, raising concerns that critical infrastructure lacks sufficient protection.

週四，來自海巡、警方和武裝部隊的蒙面人員從直升機垂降到一艘船的甲板上，控制船員，並逐一艙室清查全船。Masked officers from the coast guard, police and armed forces on Thursday fast-roped onto a vessel's deck from a helicopter, securing the crew and sweeping the ship room by room.

主導這場演練的海巡指揮官伊利亞・伊爾金（Ilja Iljin）表示，這項演習反映出赫爾辛基所認定的「新常態」。Coast Guard Commander Ilja Iljin, who led the drill, said the exercise reflects what Helsinki considers "the new normal".

伊爾金說：「過去兩三年，我們在波羅的海發生數起與破壞海底關鍵基礎設施有關的事件。所以我們必須為下一起事件發生時做好準備。」"In the past two or three years we've had several incidents in the Baltic related to the damaging of critical underwater infrastructure," Iljin said. "So we have to be ready for when the next event happens."

伊爾金表示，一艘船可能涉及電纜受損的跡象包括：通過海底線路上方時，速度或航向突然改變。Signs that a ship may be involved in cable damage include abrupt changes in speed or course as it passes over an undersea line, Iljin said.

芬蘭的應對作為隨著每起事件而更加強化。第一艘可疑船隻在當局來得及採取行動前便已駛離，而最近一起事件中的船隻則在數小時內被控制。Finland's response has sharpened with each incident. The first suspect ship sailed on before authorities could act, while the most recent was under control within hours.

警方特別干預部隊督察長尤哈・希耶塔拉（Juha Hietala）表示，若實際接獲出動通知，待命警員可在一小時內抵達基地，之後再搭乘直升機或船艇部署。In a real call-out, police officers on standby can be at their base within an hour, before deploying by helicopter or boat, said Chief Inspector Juha Hietala of the police's special intervention unit.

雖然多數事件是由船舶拖曳錨具造成，官員也正準備因應潛水人員、小型潛艦或攜帶爆裂物的潛水機器人發動破壞行動。While most incidents were caused by vessels dragging their anchors, officials are also preparing for sabotage by divers, mini-submarines or diving robots carrying explosives.

政府另正尋求新的權力，讓包括海巡在內的邊防衛隊主管機關能夠攔停並檢查涉嫌無國籍或懸掛虛假旗幟的船舶，並介入處理無人水下載具。The government is separately seeking new powers to let the Border Guard authority, including the coast guard, stop and inspect ships suspected of being stateless or falsely flagged, and to intervene against unmanned underwater vehicles.

（湯姆・利特爾、埃西・萊赫托採訪報導；泰耶・索爾斯維克、提摩西・赫里蒂奇編輯）(Reporting by Tom Little and Essi Lehto, Editing by Terje Solsvik and Timothy Heritage)