巴西選舉日公車停駛時，「魯拉軍團」拿起車鑰匙載人投票

路透社 Luciana Magalhaes、Lisandra Paraguassu 報導By Luciana Magalhaes and Lisandra Paraguassu

巴西薩爾瓦多10月31日（路透社）—— 上週日，巴西東北部城市薩爾瓦多（Salvador）的公車無故停駛時，歷史教師馬丁斯・馬夫拉（Martins Mafra）拿起車鑰匙，出門到市內各處接送受困選民。SALVADOR, Brazil, Oct 31 (Reuters) - When buses in the northeastern Brazilian city of Salvador inexplicably stopped running last Sunday, history teacher Martins Mafra grabbed his car keys and set off to pick up stranded voters across town.

馬夫拉在巴伊亞州（Bahia）首府薩爾瓦多的行動，是巴西全國大規模催票行動的一部分，這場行動助推左派總統魯拉取得史無前例的第四個任期。Mafra's efforts in Salvador, the capital of Bahia state, were part of a massive get-out-the-vote drive across Brazil that helped power leftist President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva to an unprecedented fourth term.

右翼參議員弗拉維歐・波索納洛（Flavio Bolsonaro）在第一輪投票領先，讓魯拉支持者震驚；隨著波索納洛家族可能重返執政的前景逐漸變得真實，他們迅速動員。他們透過創新的社群媒體行動、免費計程車接送與草根競選，讓現任總統在決選中多拿超過1000萬票。Lula supporters, shocked by right-wing Senator Flavio Bolsonaro's first-round lead, quickly mobilized as the prospect sank in that the Bolsonaro clan could return to power. They used innovative social media initiatives, free taxi rides and grassroots campaigning to secure the incumbent president over 10 million more votes in the runoff.

「我是一名父親，也在教育界工作，所以這是一個教導大家、展現我們能有所作為的機會，」馬夫拉說。他提供接送給各類支持者。「待在家裡抱怨市政府，或是在網路上發影片，是一回事；站起來、走出門，真正做點事情，是另一回事。」"I'm a father, and I work in education, so this was an opportunity to teach and show that we can make a difference," said Mafra, who offered rides to supporters of all stripes. "It's one thing to stay home complaining about city hall or posting videos online; it's another thing to get up, walk out the door, and actually do something."

波索納洛是遭監禁的前總統雅伊爾・波索納洛（Jair Bolsonaro）之子，本週逃往美國，並在當地宣稱自己是巴西合法的「領袖」，質疑魯拉暴增1000萬票的可信度。Bolsonaro, son of jailed former President Jair Bolsonaro, fled this week to the US, where he declared himself the legitimate "leader" of Brazil, questioning the credibility of Lula's 10 million-vote leap.

波索納洛也質疑投票延長兩小時一事。這項延長是由魯拉競選團隊提出，並由魯拉任命的最高法院大法官批准，理由是巴伊亞州公車停駛。聯邦選舉法院表示，波索納洛競選團隊也曾因偏保守的南部各州降雨而要求延長投票，而這次延長對結果影響不大。Bolsonaro also questioned a two-hour voting extension, requested by Lula's campaign and granted by a Lula-appointed Supreme Court justice, due to the out-of-service buses in Bahia. Bolsonaro's campaign also sought an extension due to rains in conservative-leaning southern states, and the extension had little bearing on the result, the federal electoral court said.

魯拉票倉LULA STRONGHOLD

人口眾多、向來支持魯拉的巴伊亞州，是兩輪投票之間棄權率下降最多的州，決選投票人數增加近40萬人。Bahia, a populous Lula stronghold, was the state with the highest fall in abstention rates between both rounds, with nearly 400,000 more people voting in the runoff.

這些新增選民中，近四分之一來自薩爾瓦多。這座城市人口超過250萬，魯拉在決選中拿下73%的選票。Almost a quarter of those additional voters came from Salvador, a city of over 2.5 million people where Lula won 73% of runoff votes.

41歲薩爾瓦多居民加布里耶爾・梅丘里（Gabriel Mercury）是巴西流行歌星丹妮拉・梅丘里（Daniela Mercury）之子，也是協助策動這場逆轉的人之一。Salvador resident Gabriel Mercury, 41, son of Brazilian pop star Daniela Mercury, was one of those who helped orchestrate the turnaround.

這名魯拉選民看到左派在第一輪表現不如預期，感到憂心，於是決定有所行動。他一開始邀請未決定投票意向的選民喝咖啡、談政治。後來，他提出最高2400雷亞爾（445.67美元）的現金獎勵，只要有人能說出一項有利於勞工的波索納洛立法提案，就可拿到獎金。The Lula voter watched with concern as the leftist underperformed in the first round, and decided to do something about it. He began by inviting undecided voters to have coffee with him and talk politics. Later, he offered cash rewards of up to 2,400 reais ($445.67) to anyone who could name a single Bolsonaro legislative proposal that had benefited workers.

沒有人接受他的挑戰。Nobody took him up on the offer.

魯拉全面調整競選LULA OVERHAULS CAMPAIGN

幕僚表示，在第一輪表現平平後，魯拉團隊試圖重啟一場受到內鬥、訊息混亂與執政者自滿拖累的競選活動。After the underwhelming first round, Lula's team sought to reboot a campaign marred by infighting, mixed messaging and the complacency of incumbency, aides said.

81歲的魯拉知道，從未有總統候選人在首輪投票落後後當選，因此他買下人生第一支智慧型手機，希望透過愈來愈形塑巴西政治辯論的平台接觸巴西民眾。Aware that no presidential candidate had ever been elected after trailing in the initial vote, the 81-year-old Lula bought his first ever smartphone to reach Brazilians on the platforms that increasingly shape Brazil's political debate.

與此同時，曾協助魯拉在2022年擊敗雅伊爾・波索納洛的眾議員安德烈・雅諾尼斯（Andre Janones），迅速擴大一個他稱為「魯拉軍團」（Lula's Army）的WhatsApp頻道。Meanwhile, lawmaker Andre Janones, who helped Lula beat Jair Bolsonaro in 2022, rapidly expanded a WhatsApp channel he called "Lula's Army."

他指示追蹤者招募朋友，並在網路上擴散魯拉相關內容，使這個頻道從第一輪投票前約5萬人，成長到決選時超過1000萬人。By instructing followers to recruit friends and amplify Lula content online, he grew the channel from roughly 50,000 people ahead of the first round to over 10 million by the runoff.

達摩政治風險顧問公司（Dharma）政治風險顧問克雷奧馬・德・蘇札（Creomar de Souza）表示，魯拉團隊，尤其是雅諾尼斯，成功抓住波索納洛失誤，說服選民相信他將威脅巴西民主、逆轉社會進步，並削減數百萬巴西人仰賴的社會福利金。Dharma political risk consultant Creomar de Souza said Lula's team, and particularly Janones, successfully pounced on missteps by Bolsonaro to convince voters he would threaten Brazil's democracy, reverse social advances and slash welfare payments on which millions of Brazilians depend.

隨著決選逼近，民調顯示魯拉逐漸縮小與波索納洛的差距。到投票日當天，兩人已打成平手。As the runoff approached, polls showed Lula closing the gap on Bolsonaro. By election day, they were tied.

在薩爾瓦多，梅丘里開始相信魯拉可能勝選。接著，週日一早，薩爾瓦多公車系統陷入停擺。In Salvador, Mercury began to believe Lula could win. Then, early on Sunday, Salvador's bus network ground to a halt.

公車風波BUS FIASCO

在巴西，公部門必須在選舉日提供免費大眾運輸。In Brazil, public authorities are required to provide free public transport on election day.

但來自薩爾瓦多各地的通報顯示，許多公車並未行駛；該市市長布魯諾・雷斯（Bruno Reis）支持波索納洛。But reports from across Salvador, where Mayor Bruno Reis supported Bolsonaro, suggested many buses were not running.

巴伊亞州消費者保護機構稽查員發現，944輛公車閒置在薩爾瓦多車場。巴伊亞州選舉法院司法分析師海梅・巴雷羅斯・內托（Jaime Barreiros Neto）估計，至少30%的車隊沒有營運。Inspectors from the Bahia consumer protection agency found 944 buses idling in Salvador depots. Jaime Barreiros Neto, the Bahia electoral court's judicial analyst, estimated at least 30% of the fleet was not operating.

雷斯將停駛歸咎於有人在公車上張貼魯拉貼紙，違反選舉規定。他在週日的記者會上表示，市政府一發現清除貼紙的作業造成瓶頸，就立即下令放行車隊。Reis blamed the outage on Lula stickers that had been placed on buses in violation of electoral rules. As soon as city hall realized sticker removal efforts were causing a bottleneck, it immediately ordered the fleet released, he said in a press conference on Sunday.

雷斯告訴路透社，他依照所屬政黨巴西聯盟黨（União Brasil）立場，在決選中支持波索納洛。他否認扣留大眾運輸或阻礙選民移動，稱公車貼紙問題拖延了車隊出車。Reis told Reuters he supported Bolsonaro in the runoff in accordance with his party, União Brasil. He denied detaining public transport or hindering voter mobility, saying the stickering of the buses held up the fleet.

巴伊亞州選舉法院因公車缺席，下令逮捕薩爾瓦多交通首長巴勃羅・蘇札（Pablo Souza）。隔天投票結束後，法院撤銷逮捕令，但要求調查這起事件。Bahia’s electoral court ordered the arrest of Salvador’s transportation chief, Pablo Souza, over the absent buses. It revoked the order once voting had ended the following day, but demanded a probe into the incident.

投票當天正在巴黎進行公務訪問的蘇札否認不當行為。他告訴路透社，公車數量與第一輪投票時相同，也符合選舉規定。Souza, who was in Paris on an official visit during the day of the vote, denied wrongdoing. He told Reuters the number of buses was the same as during the first round, and in line with electoral regulations.

大規模動員MASS MOBILIZATIONS

隨著公車閒置的消息傳遍薩爾瓦多，梅丘里和5名朋友呼籲社群媒體追蹤者開車載人前往投票所。有些人親自開車，有些人捐款補貼油資。梅丘里估計，他的團隊在選舉日載送約600名選民。As news of idling buses rippled through Salvador, Mercury and five friends asked their social media followers to drive people to voting stations. Some people got behind the wheel; others donated to cover fuel costs. Mercury estimated that his team moved around 600 voters on election day.

「政治不只是制度政治，」他說。「我們透過自己的行動實踐政治。」"Politics isn't just institutional politics," he said. "We make politics through our actions."

Uber司機也挺身而出。Uber司機兼內容創作者阿德里亞諾・德・熱蘇斯・布拉加・多斯・桑托斯（Adriano de Jesus Braga dos Santos）表示，當天有數千名司機提供最高價值50雷亞爾（9.28美元）的免費車程；他本人則提供了36趟載客服務。Uber drivers also stepped up, with thousands offering free rides worth up to 50 reais ($9.28) throughout the day, said Adriano de Jesus Braga dos Santos, an Uber driver and content creator, who personally offered 36 rides to passengers.

18歲的妮可・蘇亞雷斯（Nicole Soares）等公車等了40分鐘，但從未想過放棄。「我有投票的權利，」她說。她把票投給魯拉。Nicole Soares, 18, waited 40 minutes for a bus, but never considered giving up. "I had the right to vote," she said, casting her ballot for Lula.

仍有部分居民無法投票。Some residents were still unable to vote.

54歲街頭小販格雷西亞・德・熱蘇斯・努內斯（Grecia de Jesus Nunes）說，從上午8點到下午2點，只有兩班公車經過她的熱狗攤。她短暫休息時沒有公車可搭，而等志工司機終於抵達時，她已無法離開工作崗位。Grecia de Jesus Nunes, a 54-year-old street vendor, said only two buses passed her hotdog stand between 8 a.m. and 2 p.m. No buses were available during her brief break, and when volunteer drivers eventually reached her, she could no longer leave work.

雖然未能投票，努內斯仍為魯拉勝選感到欣喜。Though unable to vote, Nunes rejoiced at Lula's victory.

「我的人生就是魯拉，」她說。「我至死都是魯拉。」"My life is Lula," she said. "I am Lula until I die."

（1美元 = 5.3851雷亞爾）($1 = 5.3851 reais)

（Luciana Magalhaes 報導；Gabriel Stargardter、David Gregorio 編輯）(Reporting by Luciana Magalhaes, Editing by Gabriel Stargardter and David Gregorio)