印太四方外長聚焦供應鏈，譴責任意出口限制

安德里亞・沙拉爾報導By Andrea Shalal

亞特蘭大，10月31日（路透社）——美國、澳洲、印度與日本外長週六承諾，將致力於建立可靠的全球供應鏈，並對他們所稱透過出口限制和非市場做法施加的「經濟脅迫」表達嚴重關切，但並未點名中國。ATLANTA, Oct 31 (Reuters) - Foreign ministers from the US, Australia, India and Japan on Saturday pledged to work on building reliable global supply chains and expressed grave concerns about what they called "economic coercion" through export restrictions and non-market practices, but stopped short of calling out China.

印太「四方安全對話」（Quad）外長發表這項聯合聲明之際，日本一直嚴厲批評北京限制關鍵礦產出口；美國也一直在組建一個聯盟，目標是團結二十國集團中對中國在稀土和其他關鍵礦產主導地位感到憂心的國家。The joint statement by the foreign ministers of the Indo-Pacific "Quad" came at a time when Japan has been extremely critical of Beijing over its restrictions on critical mineral exports, and the US has been assembling a coalition aimed at uniting G20 countries concerned about China's dominance in rare earths and other critical minerals.

這場會議在美國國務卿盧比歐主持更廣泛的二十國集團主要經濟體外長亞特蘭大會議最後一場會議前不久舉行；二十國集團成員包括中國。The meeting was held shortly before US Secretary of State Marco Rubio hosted the final session of a meeting in Atlanta of foreign ministers from the broader Group of 20 major economies, which includes China.

四方外長重申支持自由開放的印太，並強調經濟安全對維持全球穩定與繁榮的重要性，包括透過可靠且開放的全球供應鏈來實現。The Quad ministers reiterated their support for a free and open Indo-Pacific, underscoring the importance of economic security in maintaining global stability and prosperity, including through reliable and open global supply chains.

聯合聲明指出：「他們對經濟脅迫表達嚴重關切，包括透過任意出口限制，以及導致產能過剩、進而擾亂關鍵產業全球供應鏈的非市場政策和做法。」"They expressed grave concerns regarding economic coercion, including through arbitrary export restrictions, as well as non-market policies and practices that result in overcapacity to disrupt global supply chains in critical industries," the joint statement said.

聲明指出，部長們也強調，「保護並維護荷姆茲海峽、紅海和曼德海峽航行權利與自由具有絕對必要性」。The ministers also emphasized the "absolute necessity to protect and preserve navigational rights and freedoms in the Strait of Hormuz, the Red Sea, and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait," the statement said.

該集團承諾提供逾8,500萬美元援助，以支持印太地區可信賴的人工智慧技術，並表示將啟動一項新工作，在半導體及相關供應鏈的弱點造成中斷之前先行找出這些弱點。The group pledged more than $85 million in assistance to support trusted artificial intelligence technologies across the Indo-Pacific region and said it would launch a new effort to identify vulnerabilities in semiconductor and related supply chains before they cause disruptions.

這是四方外長今年第三度會晤；各方也正逐步成形相關規劃，安排美國總統川普下月在馬尼拉出席東南亞國家協會會議期間，參加他首次正式的四國領袖會議。It was the third meeting of the Quad foreign ministers this year, with plans taking shape for US President Donald Trump to attend his first formal meeting of the leaders of the four countries next month in Manila during a conference of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.

盧比歐告訴記者，馬尼拉的四方領袖會議「希望」很快就會宣布，但未提供進一步細節。Rubio told reporters that a Quad leaders meeting in Manila would "hopefully" be announced very soon, but gave no further details.

他表示，四方安全對話並不是「反中國或反任何人的聯盟」，並補充說，聯合聲明提出的是對某些行為與活動的關切；他說，這些行為與活動「一再來自某一個國家」。He said the Quad was not "an anti-China or anti-anybody coalition," adding that the joint statement was raising concerns about behaviors and activities that he said were "coming repetitively from one country."

他表示，美國已在四方安全對話投入大量時間，並希望繼續推進其在具體計畫與倡議上的工作，包括一項旨在改善帛琉數位基礎設施、金額2,000萬美元的計畫。He said the US had invested a lot of time in the Quad group and wanted to continue to build on its work on specific projects and initiatives, including a $20 million project in Palau aimed at improving its digital infrastructure.

盧比歐說，四國在確保一旦發生人道危機或國家災難時能夠整合資源方面，已取得實質進展；四國也計畫設立一個商業論壇，讓四國企業能找到新的合作機會。Rubio said the four countries had already made substantial progress in ensuring they could pool resources in the event of a humanitarian crisis or national disaster, and also planned to set up a business forum so that businesses in all four nations could find new opportunities to work together.

（安德里亞・沙拉爾報導；湯姆・霍格、保羅・西芒與富蘭克林・保羅編輯）(Reporting by Andrea Shalal; Editing by Tom Hogue, Paul Simao and Franklin Paul)