聯合國秘書長稱，聯合國西撒哈拉維和任務35年後告終

11月1日（路透社）——聯合國秘書長週日表示，安理會未能延長聯合國在西撒哈拉地區已有35年歷史的維和任務授權，這項任務將告終。Nov 1 (Reuters) - The 35-year-old UN peacekeeping mission in the Western Sahara region will come to an end after the Security Council failed to renew its mandate, the UN chief said on Sunday.

聲稱西撒哈拉是其領土的摩洛哥對這項決定表示歡迎，而其對手、由阿爾及利亞支持的波利薩里奧陣線則表達關切。Morocco, which claims the Western Sahara as its own, welcomed the decision, while its opponents in the Algeria-backed Polisario Front expressed concern.

自前殖民宗主國西班牙於1976年撤離以來，波利薩里奧陣線一直尋求在西撒哈拉建立獨立國家。The Polisario Front has been seeking an independent state in Western Sahara since former colonial power Spain left in 1976.

自1991年聯合國斡旋達成停火協議以來，當地一直設有名為聯合國西撒哈拉全民投票特派團（MINURSO）的維和任務。A peacekeeping mission, known as MINURSO, has been in place there since a UN-brokered ceasefire in 1991.

聯合國秘書長安東尼奧・古特瑞斯在聲明中表示，11月1日將標誌這項任務「清算階段」的開始，相關資產將運回派兵國。November 1 would mark the start of the “liquidation phase” of the mission, with assets transported back to troop-contributing countries, UN chief Antonio Guterres said in a statement.

這項維和任務告終的一年前，聯合國安理會通過一項由美國起草的決議，接受拉巴特提出讓該領土在摩洛哥主權下實行自治的計畫，並稱其為解決衝突的「最可行」方案。The end of the peacekeeping mission comes a year after the UN Security Council adopted a US-drafted resolution that accepted Rabat's plan to give the territory autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty as the "most feasible" solution to the conflict.

俄羅斯去年在表決中投下棄權票；今年則否決另一項由美國支持的決議。該決議原本將鞏固聯合國對摩洛哥方案的偏好，同時縮減維和部隊規模。Russia, which abstained in last year's vote, this year vetoed another US-backed resolution that would have cemented the UN's preference for the Moroccan plan while scaling back the peacekeeping force.

安理會隨後否決俄羅斯提出的競爭決議，使這項任務在沒有新授權的情況下到期。The Security Council then defeated a competing Russian resolution, leaving the mission to expire without a new mandate.

除了監督停火外，聯合國西撒哈拉全民投票特派團還負責籌辦一場公投，但由於各方對投票資格存在分歧，公投從未舉行。Besides monitoring the ceasefire, MINURSO was tasked with organizing a referendum that has never taken place due to disagreements over voter eligibility.

摩洛哥外交部長納賽爾・布里達告訴國營媒體，這項任務名稱中代表公投的「R」，已是「不合時宜的事物」。Morocco's Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita told state media that the mission's reference to a referendum - the “R” in its name - was an "anachronism".

他表示，拉巴特事前已獲知俄羅斯將阻擋美國起草的決議，但將此視為「檢討某些遊戲規則的契機」。Rabat had been informed that Russia was going to block the US-drafted resolution, but saw it as "an opportunity to review certain rules of the game", he said.

摩洛哥王宮曾表示，未延長這項任務授權，是朝著讓西撒哈拉議題不再由安理會審議邁出的「重大進展」。Morocco's royal palace had said the non-renewal of the mission was a "significant development" towards withdrawing the Western Sahara issue from consideration by the Security Council.

阿爾及利亞外交部週六對授權未獲延長表達「深切遺憾」，並指責美國對摩洛哥立場「過度偏袒」。Algeria's Foreign Ministry on Saturday expressed "deep regret" over the non-renewal, blaming the "excessive bias" of the US towards Morocco's position.

波利薩里奧陣線在聲明中表示，對「安理會會議陷入僵局感到關切」。The Polisario said in a statement it was "concerned at the deadlock in the Security Council meeting."

（北非分社報導；Alexander Dziadosz與Chizu Nomiyama編輯）(Reporting by North Africa Bureau, editing by Alexander Dziadosz and Chizu Nomiyama )