波蘭憲法法院院長遭停職，總統赴塞內加爾途中折返

華沙，10月30日（路透社）——波蘭憲法法院院長、極右翼盟友遭停職後，波蘭總統卡羅爾・納夫羅茨基（Karol Nawrocki）週五在前往塞內加爾途中折返波蘭，升高他與總理唐納・圖斯克（Donald Tusk）政府之間圍繞司法控制權的衝突。WARSAW, Oct 30 (Reuters) - Polish President Karol Nawrocki turned back to Poland on Friday while en route to Senegal after a far-right ally was suspended as head of the country's top court, escalating a battle with Prime Minister Donald Tusk's government over control of the judiciary.

週五稍早，憲法法院表示，任職時間最長的法官安娜・科爾溫-皮奧特羅夫斯卡（Anna Korwin-Piotrowska）已暫停波格丹・希維恩奇科夫斯基（Bogdan Swieczkowski）的職務；希維恩奇科夫斯基是憲法法院院長，由圖斯克的極右翼前任任命。憲法法院並表示，科爾溫-皮奧特羅夫斯卡目前已接掌法院。Earlier on Friday, the Constitutional Tribunal said its longest-serving judge Anna Korwin-Piotrowska had suspended Bogdan Swieczkowski, the tribunal's president and an appointee of Tusk's far-right predecessor, and was now in charge of the court.

週五晚間，在大批警力戒備下，數百名抗議者聚集在憲法法院外；右翼政治人物則向群眾發表談話，指控圖斯克政府對法院發動政變。Hundreds of protesters gathered outside the tribunal late on Friday amid a heavy police presence, while right-wing politicians addressed the crowd accusing Tusk's government of carrying out a coup against the court.

納夫羅茨基在X上表示：「在這樣的時刻，總統必須在波蘭。我正在中止前往塞內加爾的飛行。我正在返國。」"At a moment like this, the President must be in Poland. I am cutting short my flight to Senegal. I am returning," Nawrocki said on X.

憲法法院長期衝突再添新風暴NEW DRAMA IN LONG-RUNNING CONFLICT OVER COURT

圍繞憲法法院的長期政治爭端，實際上已使該機構陷入癱瘓；親歐政府與民族主義總統都拒絕承認對方提出的任命人選。A long-running political dispute over the Constitutional Tribunal has effectively paralysed the institution, with the pro-European government and the nationalist president refusing to recognise appointees put forward by the other side.

圖斯克在X上發文表示，他的政府正尋求恢復法治；歐盟曾指控他的前任政府——法律與公正黨（Law and Justice Party）——破壞法治。Tusk, writing on X, said his government was seeking to restore the rule of law, which the European Union had accused his predecessors — the Law and Justice Party — of subverting.

他說：「這個過程很困難，有時甚至痛苦，並且需要果斷行動。沒有其他路可走。」"This process is difficult, at times even painful, and requires decisive action. There is no other way," he said.

這場爭端可追溯至2015年，當時民族主義的法律與公正黨試圖任命法官，填補已由前一屆政府完成任命的席次。The dispute dates back to 2015, when the nationalist Law and Justice sought to appoint judges to seats already filled by the previous government.

該黨提名的人選後來在憲法法院取得多數；國內外批評人士則表示，該法院已不再符合依法設立、獨立且公正的法庭標準。Its nominees gained a majority on the Constitutional Tribunal, while critics at home and abroad said the court no longer met the standards of an independent and impartial tribunal established by law.

圖斯克的聯合政府2023年上台後，承諾恢復法治並改革憲法法院；但法律與公正黨盟友納夫羅茨基自2025年當選總統以來，一直採取行動阻撓這些努力。After Tusk's coalition took office in 2023 it pledged to restore the rule of law and reform the court, but Law and Justice ally Nawrocki has acted to thwart those efforts since his election as president in 2025.

今年稍早，納夫羅茨基拒絕為國會提名的6名法官中3人主持宣誓；希維恩奇科夫斯基曾在法律與公正黨政府擔任司法部副部長，他則拒絕讓現任國會多數選出的法官就任。Earlier this year, Nawrocki refused to swear in three of six judges nominated by parliament, while Swieczkowski, a former deputy justice minister in the Law and Justice administration, declined to seat judges elected by the current parliamentary majority.

上個月，國會任命圖斯克盟友馬切伊・貝雷克（Maciej Berek）進入憲法法院；批評人士表示，此舉削弱了政府宣稱要恢復制衡機制的目標。Last month, the parliament appointed Tusk ally Maciej Berek to the tribunal, which critics said undermined the government's stated goal of restoring checks and balances.

（Marek Strzelecki、Justyna Pawlak及Anna Wlodarczak-Semczuk報導；Ros Russell及Edmund Klamann編輯）(Reporting by Marek Strzelecki, Justyna Pawlak and Anna Wlodarczak-Semczuk; Editing by Ros Russell and Edmund Klamann)