伊朗特使會晤卡達調停人，美國期中選舉後可能空襲威脅逼近

作者：Andrew Mills、Yasmine Ghania、Andrea ShalalBy Andrew Mills, Yasmine Ghania and Andrea Shalal

杜拜／亞特蘭大，10月31日（路透社）——一名聽取談判簡報的消息人士告訴路透社，伊朗談判代表週六在杜哈與卡達調停人舉行會談，討論讓波斯灣戰爭落幕的途徑。外交官正試圖在本週美國期中選舉後避免爆發新一輪戰事。DUBAI/ATLANTA, Oct 31 (Reuters) - Iranian negotiators held talks in Doha with Qatari mediators on Saturday to discuss paths out of war in the Gulf, a source who was briefed on the negotiations told Reuters, as diplomats try to avert new fighting after the US midterm elections this week.

美國國務卿馬可・盧比歐（Marco Rubio）週六表示，總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）尚未決定是否對伊朗發動新一波攻擊，但傾向透過外交方式解決衝突。US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on Saturday that President Donald Trump has not decided whether to launch new strikes against Iran, but would prefer to resolve the conflict diplomatically.

近幾週，在期中選舉前，川普暫緩對伊朗發動攻擊；這場選舉將決定他的共和黨能否保住在美國國會兩院的微弱多數優勢。Trump has held off on strikes on Iran in recent weeks ahead of midterm elections that will determine whether his Republican Party will retain its thin majorities in both houses of the US Congress.

這名因事涉敏感而要求匿名的消息人士說，週六在卡達首都舉行的會談，是在伊朗與卡達特使週五於德黑蘭進行超過12小時討論之後登場。消息人士表示，這些會談正透過與華府定期聯繫來協調。Saturday's talks in the Qatari capital followed more than 12 hours of discussions on Friday between Iranian and Qatari envoys in Tehran, said the source, who spoke on condition of anonymity. The source said the talks were being coordinated in regular contacts with Washington.

區域各國一直預期，一旦投票結束，川普可能重啟攻擊。伊朗則一再表示，若遭到任何新攻擊，將打擊鄰國境內的美國與以色列目標作為回應。Countries in the region have been anticipating that Trump could restart attacks once the voting is over. Iran has repeatedly said it would respond to any new attacks by striking at US and Israeli targets in neighbouring countries.

伊朗最高領袖阿亞圖拉莫吉塔巴・哈米尼週六發布聲明，下令武裝部隊準備好回應任何攻擊。伊朗軍方稍後宣布，正採取措施提升戰備狀態。Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei issued a statement on Saturday ordering the armed forces to be prepared to respond to any attacks. The Iranian military later announced it was taking steps to improve its readiness.

哈米尼週六在官方Telegram帳號發布的聲明中說：「任何程度或類型的威脅，都必須遭到立即、有影響力且不受地理範圍限制的回應。」自他的父親在戰爭爆發之初遇害、由他接任以來，他尚未公開露面。"Any level or type of threat must be met with an immediate, impactful, and geographically unrestricted response," Khamenei said on Saturday in the statement posted on his official Telegram account. He has not appeared in public since replacing his father, who was slain at the war's outset.

哈米尼表示，高階指揮官已回報，波斯灣沿岸、荷姆茲海峽與阿曼灣內外，以及伊朗西北部與東南部邊境都處於高度戒備狀態。Khamenei said senior commanders had reported high readiness along the Gulf coast, in and around the Strait of Hormuz and Gulf of Oman, and on Iran's northwestern and southeastern borders.

伊朗具影響力的安全部門首長莫森・雷扎伊（Mohsen Rezaei）表示，若敵對行動恢復，德黑蘭正討論是否解除長期以來對核武的禁令；不過他說，目前尚未作出這類決定。他補充，除非華府接受伊朗的要求，否則不可能就伊朗核計畫展開談判。Iran's influential security chief Mohsen Rezaei said Tehran was debating whether to lift its longstanding ban on nuclear weapons should hostilities resume, although he said no such decision had been taken. There could be no talks on Iran's nuclear programme unless Washington accepted Iran's demands, he added.

正在亞特蘭大主持二十國集團（G20）主要經濟體外長會議的盧比歐，拒絕為卡達會談設定時程，但表示與伊朗的直接與間接接觸正在進行。Rubio, hosting foreign ministers of the G20 major economies in Atlanta, declined to set a timeframe for the talks in Qatar, but said direct and indirect contacts with Iran were under way.

他說：「有多場談判。事實上，談判從未停止。」"There are multiple talks. Talks have actually never stopped," he said.

盧比歐說，川普「比較希望透過外交方式解決。但我認為總統向你們表達的是一種極大的信心，也就是如果我們需要採取軍事行動，我們有能力做到」。Trump would "prefer to solve it diplomatically. But I think what the president expresses to you is incredible confidence that if we needed to do something militarily, we would have the ability to do it," Rubio said.

歧見仍在，外交仍持續DIPLOMACY CONTINUES DESPITE GAPS

川普2月與以色列共同發動這場戰爭，他多次暗示計畫重啟對伊朗的攻擊。上週，他在以色列選舉前呼籲以色列選民讓他的戰時盟友、總理班雅明・納坦雅胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）繼續掌權，好讓兩位領導人能「完成任務」。Trump, who launched the war alongside Israel in February, has repeatedly hinted at plans to restart strikes on Iran. Last week he called on Israelis ahead of their own election to keep his wartime ally Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in power so the two leaders can "finish the job".

但華府近來也採取行動，表明對外交仍持開放態度。本週稍早，曾在先前數輪與伊朗談判中率領美國代表團的副總統JD・范斯（JD Vance），致函安全部門首長雷扎伊；《紐約時報》和《華爾街日報》形容，這是一項試探是否有可能重啟談判的倡議。But Washington has also lately taken steps to indicate it is open to diplomacy. Earlier this week, Vice President JD Vance, who led the US delegation at previous rounds of talks with Iran, wrote a letter to the security chief Rezaei, which the New York Times and Wall Street Journal described as an initiative to see if it was possible to restart talks.

川普淡化這封信的重要性，稱自己批准這封信只是為了討論是否讓更多醫療物資進入伊朗：「我說，如果你想這麼做，那可以。基本上，就是把物資送進去，幫助身體不適的人。」Trump has played the letter down, saying he approved it only to discuss the possibility of letting more medical supplies into Iran: "I said if you want to do that, that's ok. Basically, it's getting supplies in to help people that are not well."

這名聽取談判簡報的消息人士說，在卡達居中調停的最新討論中，卡達方面一週前向德黑蘭提出一項7天計畫，根據該計畫，美國和伊朗將每天採取步驟，在更廣泛的和平談判前建立互信。一名伊朗高階官員週五告訴路透社，德黑蘭認為這項提案並不令人滿意。In the latest Qatari-mediated discussions, the Qataris brought a proposal to Tehran a week ago for a seven-day plan, under which the US and Iran would take daily steps to build trust ahead of broader peace talks, the source briefed on the negotiations said. A senior Iranian official told Reuters on Friday that this proposal was not deemed satisfactory by Tehran.

伊朗自9月以來一直提出自己的7天計畫，但迄今遭川普拒絕。該計畫要求華府解除對伊朗港口的封鎖、解凍資產，並批准一條由伊朗支持、通過荷姆茲海峽的航線，之後這條有爭議的海峽才會重新開放。Iran has been proposing its own seven-day plan since September, so far rejected by Trump. That calls for Washington to lift a blockade of Iranian ports, unfreeze assets and approve an Iranian-backed route through the Strait of Hormuz, after which the contested strait would be reopened.

半島電視台週六報導，伊朗外交部長阿巴斯・阿拉格奇（Abbas Araqchi）表示，伊朗正在研究范斯的信。他說，伊朗方案是目前桌上唯一一項重開海峽的提案。Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi said in remarks reported by Al Jazeera on Saturday that Iran was studying Vance's letter. He said the Iranian plan was the only proposal on the table to reopen the strait.

（Andrew Mills、Enas Alashray、Yasmine Ghania報導；Andrew Mills、Peter Graff撰稿；Peter Graff、Jan Harvey、David Gregorio編輯）(Reporting by Andrew Mills, Enas Alashray and Yasmine Ghania, Writing by Andrew Mills and Peter Graff; Editing by Peter Graff. Jan Harvey and David Gregorio)