聯合國稱葉門暴力衝突波及營地與醫療中心

艾瑪・法吉（Emma Farge）報導By Emma Farge

日內瓦，9月24日（路透社）——聯合國機構週四表示，在沙烏地支持的葉門政府軍與伊朗支持的胡塞武裝之間暴力衝突升高之際，流離失所者營地與醫療中心遭到攻擊。聯合國機構並對平民死亡人數增加表示痛心，其中包括兒童。GENEVA, Sept 24 (Reuters) - Displacement camps and health centres have been attacked during surging violence in Yemen between Saudi-backed Yemeni government forces and Iran-backed Houthis, UN agencies said on Thursday, deploring a growing civilian death toll which includes children.

最新一波戰鬥標誌著葉門內戰急遽升級。自2022年停火以來，這場內戰大致陷入停滯；同時，這也顯示源自美國與以色列對伊朗戰爭的衝突進一步擴大。The latest fighting marks a sharp escalation in Yemen's civil war, which had largely been frozen since a 2022 truce, as well as a widening of the conflict that has grown out of the US-Israeli war on Iran.

近幾週來，舊有前線沿線暴力再起，包括塔伊茲周邊地區。胡塞武裝沿紅海海岸向南推進，引發人道危機，超過13萬人流離失所，部分民眾越過紅海逃往非洲。Violence has flared along old front lines in recent weeks, including around Taiz as the Houthis swept south along the Red Sea coast, prompting a humanitarian crisis with over 130,000 people displaced and some fleeing to Africa across the Red Sea.

聯合國人權事務高級專員福克爾・圖爾克（Volker Turk）表示，其辦公室已記錄到，自8月以來，安薩拉真主（Ansar Allah，胡塞運動正式名稱）對國內流離失所者安置地點發動3起攻擊。UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk said his office had documented three attacks by Ansar Allah, the formal name for the Houthi movement, on sites for internally displaced people since August.

他表示，這些攻擊分別於8月7日、9月7日和9月9日發生在馬里卜地區，造成數十人傷亡，並導致5名兒童死亡。He said these attacks on August 7, September 7 and September 9 in the Marib region caused dozens of casualties and killed five children.

整體而言，圖爾克辦公室已記錄到，自8月以來的戰鬥造成32名平民死亡，其中包括15名兒童和3名女性；相關戰鬥包括無人機與飛彈攻擊。在這波最新衝突升高期間，共有125人死傷，這些平民死者包括在其中。圖爾克辦公室表示，由於進入當地受限且安全局勢不穩，這一數字可能被低估。Overall, Turk's office has documented the killing of 32 civilians, including 15 children and 3 women, since August in fighting, including drone and missile strikes. They were among 125 people killed or wounded in the latest flareup in the conflict - a figure his office said was likely an undercount due to access constraints and insecurity.

圖爾克在聲明中表示：「如今，平民正承受這波最新戰事升高的最大衝擊。」"Civilians are now bearing the brunt of this latest upsurge in fighting," Turk said in a statement.

世界衛生組織表示，部分醫療設施遭到「直接攻擊」，且一名救護車駕駛和一名醫護人員於9月18日在拉赫季遇害；世衛並未將責任歸咎於任何一方。The World Health Organization said some health facilities had been "directly attacked" and an ambulance driver and a medic were killed in Lahj on September 18, without attributing blame.

流離失所者湧入，造成新的嚴重援助短缺INFLUX OF DISPLACED CAUSES NEW ACUTE AID SHORTAGES

雙方均聲稱，過去數週的戰鬥已造成數百人死亡，但未提供細節。Both sides allege that hundreds have been killed in fighting over the past weeks, without providing details.

胡塞發言人穆罕默德・阿卜杜勒薩拉姆（Mohammed Abdulsalam）表示，聯合國人權辦公室已不再公正，其指控並不屬實。他並指控該辦公室無視他所稱沙烏地在葉門的轟炸；他說，這些轟炸鎖定包括一處矯正設施、民宅和學校在內的公共設施。Houthi spokesperson Mohammed Abdulsalam said the UN human rights office was no longer impartial and that its allegations were false, accusing it of ignoring what he described as Saudi bombardment in Yemen that had targeted public facilities including a correctional facility and homes and schools.

超過70名聯合國工作人員遭胡塞武裝拘押在葉門，其中部分人已被關押多年。圖爾克呼籲釋放他們，並敦促所有交戰方保護平民；他表示，政府所發出的攻擊警告，並不會使平民喪失其應有的保護。More than 70 UN staff are being detained by Houthis in Yemen, some of whom have been held for many years. Turk called for their release and urged all the warring parties to protect civilians, saying the government warnings of attacks did not remove the protections they should have.

沙烏地官員一再表示，該國部隊在葉門並不鎖定平民。沙烏地官員未立即回應採訪請求。Saudi officials have repeatedly said the country's forces do not target civilians in Yemen. Saudi officials did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

援助組織正在加強因應這場危機。葉門有1,800萬人面臨嚴重糧食不安全，約占全國人口一半。Aid groups are ramping up their response to the crisis in a country where 18 million people, or roughly half the population face acute food insecurity.

聲明指出，隨著傷患增加，世界衛生組織已加強發放醫療物資，包括血袋以及創傷與外科手術套組，並正部署緊急醫療團隊。The World Health Organization has stepped up distribution of medical supplies, including blood bags as well as trauma and surgery kits, and is deploying emergency teams as injuries rise, the statement said.

但許多人缺乏支援；在戰火重燃導致需求激增之前，聯合國難民署的葉門計畫資金到位率不到20%。But many people lack support and a UN refugee agency plan for Yemen was less than 20% funded before the renewed violence caused a surge in needs.

育有4名子女的國內流離失所母親艾莎・艾哈邁德（Aisha Ahmed）在塔伊茲營地告訴路透社，近幾週人潮湧入造成物資短缺。她說：「我們需要水，也需要其他一切東西，我們什麼都沒有。」An internally displaced mother of four, Aisha Ahmed, told Reuters in the Taiz camp that the influx of people in recent weeks is causing shortages. "We need water and everything else, we have nothing," she said.

（艾瑪・法吉報導；提穆爾・阿扎里在利雅德補充報導；菲莉帕・弗萊徹編輯）(Reporting by Emma Farge; additional reporting by Timour Azhari in Riyadh; editing by Philippa Fletcher)