義大利選舉將近，梅洛尼取消多數車輛道路稅

作者：朱塞佩・馮特（Giuseppe Fonte）、安傑洛・阿曼特（Angelo Amante）By Giuseppe Fonte and Angelo Amante

路透羅馬9月16日電——義大利週三表示，將自明年起取消1,450萬輛汽車與機車的道路稅，這項措施預料將使該國吃緊的國庫支出超過20億歐元（23億美元）。ROME, Sept 16 (Reuters) - Italy said on Wednesday it would scrap road tax for 14.5 million cars and motorcycles from next year, in a move expected to cost the country's strained state coffers more than €2 billion ($2.3 billion).

這項決定出爐之際，義大利政府正設法在2027年全國大選前提升支持度。The decision comes as the government seeks ways to boost support ahead of a national election in 2027.

總理喬治亞・梅洛尼（Giorgia Meloni）領導的保守派聯盟在民調中落後中間偏左陣營，並面臨由前將軍羅貝托・瓦納奇（Roberto Vannacci）領導、聲勢穩定上升的新極右派政黨「國民未來」（National Future）帶來的壓力。Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni's conservative coalition is trailing the centre-left in the polls and faces pressure from National Future, a new far-right party led by former general Roberto Vannacci which is steadily gaining ground.

梅洛尼在聲明中說：「今天，政府正在取消義大利人最痛恨的稅項之一。」"Today, the government is eliminating one of the taxes most hated by Italians," Meloni said in a statement.

這項優惠將適用於所有機車，以及超過70%的中小型汽車，但民眾只能將其用於一輛已妥善投保的車輛。The benefit will apply to all motorcycles and more than 70% of small- and medium-sized cars, but citizens will be entitled to use it for just one properly insured vehicle.

梅洛尼在內閣會議通過這項計畫後的記者會上表示：「我們選擇延續減稅議程，這符合中間偏右陣營過去幾次所採取的路線。」"We chose to continue our tax-cutting agenda, in line with the approach the centre-right has pursued on previous occasions," Meloni told a news conference after a cabinet meeting that approved the plan.

根據路透社看到的法令草案，這項免稅措施僅適用於2027年，對象為最大輸出功率80千瓦（kW）的車輛，估計成本為23.6億歐元。Under a draft decree seen by Reuters, the exemption would apply only in 2027 to vehicles with a maximum power output of 80 kilowatts (kW), at an estimated cost of €2.36 billion.

經濟部長吉安卡洛・喬爾傑蒂（Giancarlo Giorgetti）表示，羅馬將試圖讓這項措施成為永久性措施，這意味著目前它被設計為一次性措施。Economy Minister Giancarlo Giorgetti said Rome would try to make the measure permanent, meaning it was structured as a one-off for the moment.

一名官員補充說，政府可能透過明年10月公布的預算案介入，使其具備更長期的基礎。An official added the government could intervene to put it on a more permanent footing through next year's budget to be unveiled in October.

梅洛尼與喬爾傑蒂均未說明支應這項措施所需資金將從何而來。Neither Meloni nor Giorgetti clarified where the money needed to cover the initiative would be found.

根據義大利最近的預算計畫——該計畫預定在未來幾週更新——義大利預估其公共債務今年將達到國內生產毛額（GDP）近139%的高峰，取代希臘成為歐元區負債最重的國家。Under its most recent budget plan, due to be updated in the next few weeks, Italy sees its public debt peaking at almost 139% of gross domestic product (GDP) this year, replacing Greece as the euro zone's most indebted ‌country.

批評人士不以為然CRITICS DISMISS MOVE

梅洛尼在記者會上表示，她打算留任至本屆國會任期結束。本月，她成為二戰以來義大利任期最長的總理；她的任期預定於2027年秋季屆滿。Meloni told the news conference that she intended to remain in office until the end of the legislature. This month she became Italy's longest-serving prime minister since World War Two, and her term in office is due to expire in autumn 2027.

批評人士將這項措施視為試圖轉移外界對電價、天然氣與燃油成本上漲的注意力。Critics dismissed the initiative as a bid to divert attention from rising electricity, gas and fuel costs.

瓦納奇的高階幕僚羅薩諾・薩索（Rossano Sasso）說：「這就像用喉糖治療肺炎。」"It's like treating pneumonia with a throat lozenge," said Rossano Sasso, a senior aide to Vannacci.

為了緩和燃油價格上漲的衝擊，梅洛尼近幾個月已採取並延長數種臨時消費稅減免；若連同給予卡車司機的稅務優惠計算在內，迄今已支出約28億歐元。In a bid to soften the impact of fuel price rises, Meloni has adopted and extended several forms of temporary excise duty cuts in recent months, spending around €2.8 billion so far when also including tax breaks for truck drivers.

義大利週三將柴油消費稅減免延長至9月25日；該措施原本將於週四到期，同時稅額減免幅度將由目前每公升17歐分降至12.2歐分。Italy on Wednesday renewed until September 25 an excise duty cut on diesel, which would otherwise expire on Thursday, while reducing it to 12.2 euro cents per litre from the current 17 cents.

這項補貼在9月26日至10月5日期間將降至約6歐分。The subsidy will fall to around 6 cents between September 26 and October 5.

歐盟執委會與國際貨幣基金（IMF）均表示，義大利本應採取更具針對性的措施，以保護最脆弱的家庭與企業，並限制對其預算造成的影響。Both the European Commission and the IMF said Italy should have applied more targeted measures to shield the most vulnerable households and firms, limiting the impact on its budget.

（1美元 = 0.8669歐元）($1 = 0.8669 euros)

（加文・瓊斯（Gavin Jones）、基思・威爾（Keith Weir）編輯）(Editing by Gavin Jones and Keith Weir)