馬來西亞總理擬邀緬甸敏昂萊到訪，以換取羅興亞難民返國

吉隆坡，9月16日（路透社）——馬來西亞總理安華・易卜拉欣（Anwar Ibrahim）週三表示，他將邀請緬甸軍政府領袖、後成為總統的敏昂萊進行正式訪問，以換取敏昂萊政府接受數千名羅興亞穆斯林難民返回緬甸。KUALA LUMPUR, Sept 16 (Reuters) - Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said on Wednesday he would invite Myanmar's junta chief-turned-President Min Aung Hlaing for an official visit in return for his government accepting the return of thousands of Rohingya Muslim refugees.

敏昂萊是退役將領，2021年發動政變奪權；今年4月，在一場由軍方支持政黨主導、且沒有具可行性反對派參與的選舉後，他成為總統，此後一直尋求國際正當性。Min Aung Hlaing, a retired general who seized power in a 2021 coup, has been on a quest for international legitimacy since becoming president in April following an election dominated by an army-backed party in the absence of a viable opposition.

安華表示，馬來西亞和東南亞國家協會（ASEAN）一樣，尚未準備承認緬甸新政府，但在讓難民返回一事上，需要有一個可談判的當局。Anwar said Malaysia, like the Association of Southeast Asian Nations bloc, was not ready to recognise Myanmar's new government, but needed an authority to negotiate with on returning refugees.

安華在一個Podcast節目中說：「我們跟隨ASEAN的立場，不希望與緬甸建立直接關係。那我們應該跟誰談判？」"We, following ASEAN, don't want direct relations with Myanmar. So who are we supposed to negotiate with?" Anwar said during a podcast.

「我邀請他，是要說我們可以成為朋友，可以貿易，也可以接受緬甸，但緬甸必須接收他們（難民）回去。」"I invited him to say we can be friends, we can trade, we can accept Myanmar, but Myanmar must accept them (refugees) back."

ASEAN尚未承認緬甸選舉，自2021年以來，也在內戰背景下禁止緬甸領導人出席峰會。這場內戰估計已造成10萬人死亡，軍方則被廣泛指控對平民施暴，但軍方否認相關指控。ASEAN has not recognised Myanmar's election and, since 2021, has barred its leaders from its summits amid a civil war that has killed an estimated 100,000 people, with the military widely accused of atrocities against the civilian population, which it rejects.

馬來西亞一直是緬甸前軍政府最直言不諱的批評者之一，並一再表達對其拒絕停止敵對行動的不滿。Malaysia has been one of the most vocal critics of Myanmar's former junta and had repeatedly expressed frustration at its refusal to cease hostilities.

在敏昂萊近期訪問寮國、泰國、柬埔寨和越南之後，馬來西亞將成為ASEAN 11個成員國中第5個接待他的國家。他也曾訪問中國、印度和俄羅斯。It would be the fifth of ASEAN's 11 members to host Min Aung Hlaing after his recent visits to Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. He has also visited China, India and Russia.

「他們必須被送回家」'THEY NEED TO BE SENT HOME'

馬來西亞上月表示，已敲定自願遣返計畫第一階段，將在9月讓1,500名緬甸難民返回緬甸。根據聯合國難民署（UNHCR），截至2月，馬來西亞約有19萬3,800名來自緬甸的難民；聯合國難民署曾表示，難民返回緬甸並不安全。Malaysia last month said it had finalised the first phase of a voluntary repatriation programme that would return 1,500 Myanmar refugees in September. Malaysia had around 193,800 refugees from Myanmar as of February, according to the UNHCR, which has said it is not safe for them to return there.

羅興亞人是遭受迫害的少數族群，每年有數以萬計羅興亞人逃離緬甸，其中許多人為尋求更好的生活，搭乘破舊船隻展開危險海上旅程。超過100萬羅興亞人居住在孟加拉擁擠的營地中。Rohingya are a persecuted minority and tens of thousands have fled Myanmar each year, many making perilous sea journeys on rickety boats in search of better lives. More than a million live in crowded camps in Bangladesh.

安華承認羅興亞人的苦難，但表示馬來西亞無法永久安置他們，而且「他們必須被送回家」。Anwar acknowledged the suffering of the Rohingya, but said Malaysia could not accommodate them permanently and "they need to be sent home".

他表示，緬甸現在已接受5,000名難民返回，遣返費用由吉隆坡承擔，預期之後會分階段讓更多難民返回。He said Myanmar had now accepted the return of 5,000 refugees, with Kuala Lumpur bearing the repatriation cost, and the expectation was that more would be returned later in stages.

安華說：「對我來說，這是比只是對緬甸憤怒叫喊更好的外交。誰要接收他們？我們要把他們送去哪裡？他們甚至沒有緬甸公民身分。」"To me, that's better diplomacy than just shouting angrily at Myanmar. Who's going to take them? Where do we send them? They don't even have Myanmar citizenship," Anwar said.

他談到敏昂萊政府時說：「過去我們沒有談判，因為我們不承認他們。」「我們不會只是毫無理由地承認並談判。」"Previously we didn't negotiate because we didn't recognise them," he said of Min Aung Hlaing's government. "We're not simply going to recognise and negotiate for no reason."

（Ashley Tang報導；Martin Petty撰稿；Alex Richardson編輯）(Reporting by Ashley Tang; Writing by Martin Petty; Editing by Alex Richardson)