摩洛哥中間派政黨在足球掌門人加持後國會選舉居首

作者：Ahmed EljechtimiBy Ahmed Eljechtimi

拉巴特，9月24日（路透社）——週四公布的初步結果顯示，由摩洛哥國王顧問創立的一個自由派中間政黨，在一名被認為帶領國家足球隊揚名國際的人士於選前最後階段加持後，在國會選舉中居首。RABAT, Sept 24 (Reuters) - A liberal, centrist party founded by an adviser to Morocco's king came out on top in parliamentary elections after a late boost from the man credited with leading the national football team to global fame, early results showed on Thursday.

這次投票預料不會根本改變摩洛哥的政治平衡。摩洛哥是君主立憲國家，國王在外交政策、國防及其他關鍵領域仍保有廣泛權力。The vote is not expected to fundamentally change the political balance in the country, a constitutional monarchy where the king retains sweeping powers over foreign policy, defence and other key portfolios.

但新一屆國會將形塑政府，而該政府將監督一項200億美元籌備工作的最後階段，為2030年世界盃做準備；摩洛哥將與葡萄牙和西班牙共同主辦這項賽事。But the incoming parliament will shape the government overseeing the last stages of a $20-billion push to get ready for the 2030 World Cup, which Morocco will co-host with Portugal and Spain.

新國會也將推動經濟政策，以因應普遍存在的青年不滿。7月民眾大規模衝向西班牙飛地休達邊界，以及去年由Z世代主導、造成死傷的抗議，都凸顯了這項問題。It will also implement economic policies aimed at addressing widespread youth discontent, an issue highlighted by a mass border rush on the Spanish enclave of Ceuta in July and deadly Gen-Z-led protests last year.

足球掌門人被視為強有力的總理人選FOOTBALL CHIEF SEEN AS STRONG PM CANDIDATE

在即將卸任的執政聯盟中原為第二大成員的真誠與現代黨（Authenticity and Modernity Party，PAM）躍升至第一大黨；該黨在投票前數週延攬摩洛哥足球總會主席、曾兩度擔任政府預算主管的福齊・萊克賈（Fouzi Lekjaa），使聲勢獲得提振。The Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM) — which was the second-largest member in the outgoing coalition — moved up to the top spot, bolstered by the recruitment of Fouzi Lekjaa, Morocco's football federation chief and two-time government budget manager, who joined weeks before the vote.

萊克賈被普遍視為摩洛哥足球隊崛起並在國際上成名的幕後推手，也負責監督2030年世界盃基礎建設投資。Lekjaa is widely seen as the driving force behind the rise of Morocco's football team to international fame and overseeing investments in 2030 World Cup infrastructure.

他現在被視為強有力的潛在總理人選；總理由國王從勝選政黨中挑選。He is now seen as a strong potential candidate for prime minister, who is selected by the king from the winning party.

真誠與現代黨現任黨魁法蒂瑪・扎赫拉・曼蘇里（Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri），也是另一名可能的政府首長人選。PAM's current leader, Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri, is another potential candidate for head of government.

真誠與現代黨於2008年由國王一名顧問創立，此後主張社會現代化及偏世俗的觀點，將自身定位為伊斯蘭主義政黨公正與發展黨（Justice and Development Party，PJD）的制衡力量。PAM was created in 2008 by an adviser to the king and has since positioned itself as a counterweight to the Islamist Justice and Development Party (PJD) by advocating social modernisation and secular-leaning views.

該黨競選時承諾投入370億美元，創造100萬個新工作機會，並在醫療、教育、社會保障及提高薪資方面進行新投資。It campaigned on promises of spending $37 billion to create 1 million new jobs and make new investments in healthcare, education, social protection and better wages.

內政部長阿卜杜勒瓦菲・拉夫提特（Abdelouafi Laftit）在新聞簡報會公布的結果顯示，該黨在395席國會中拿下97席，高於2021年上次投票取得的87席。The party took 97 seats in the 395-seat parliament — up from the 87 it secured in the last vote in 2021, according to the results, delivered by Interior Minister Abdelouafi Laftit in a news briefing.

根據臨時計票結果，真誠與現代黨在即將卸任政府中的聯盟夥伴國家獨立人士聯盟（National Rally of Independents，RNI）失去領先地位，排名第二。Its coalition partner in the outgoing government, the National Rally of Independents (RNI), lost its leading position and came second, according to the provisional tally.

競選期間，真誠與現代黨曾排除繼續與國家獨立人士聯盟結盟的可能性；兩黨曾就政策缺失互相指責，包括未能遏止食品價格上漲。During the campaign, PAM had ruled out staying in a coalition with the RNI — the two had traded blame over policy shortcomings including a failure to halt rises in food prices.

但曼蘇里週四表示，談判時她不會設下「紅線」。她說：「我們已經翻過這一頁。」But Mansouri said on Thursday she would have no "red lines" when it came to negotiations. "We have turned the page," she said.

伊斯蘭主義者反彈，選擇在野ISLAMISTS REBOUND, CHOOSE OPPOSITION

保守民族主義的獨立黨（Istiqlal Party）拿下65席；伊斯蘭主義的公正與發展黨則從上次選舉僅13席反彈至54席，受惠於前總理、黨魁阿卜杜勒伊拉・班基蘭（Abdelilah Benkirane）回歸。The conservative nationalist Istiqlal Party secured 65 seats and the Islamist PJD rebounded to 54 seats, from only 13 in the previous election, buoyed by the return of party leader Abdelilah Benkirane, a former prime minister.

投票後，班基蘭表示該黨將留在在野陣營。經濟學家兼政治分析師拉希德・奧拉茲（Rachid Aourraz）說：「公正與發展黨能贏得席次，很大程度上要歸功於班基蘭強大的演說能力；這讓他的政黨成為真誠與現代黨的有力競爭者，尤其是在都會區。」After the vote, Benkirane said the party would stay in opposition."The PJD won seats largely thanks to Benkirane’s powerful oratory, which turned his party into a strong contender against the PAM, especially in urban areas," economist and political analyst Rachid Aourraz said.

摩洛哥政策分析研究所（Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis）智庫負責人穆罕默德・馬斯巴（Mohammed Masbah）說：「在一個不穩定的地區，這次投票反映出摩洛哥政治體系相對穩定，伊斯蘭主義者可以輸也可以贏，而不會影響政治穩定。」“In an unstable region, the vote reflects a relatively stable Moroccan political system where Islamists can lose and win without affecting political stability,” said Mohammed Masbah, head of the Moroccan Institute for Policy Analysis think tank.

2011年，在「阿拉伯之春」抗議後，摩洛哥通過新憲法，使摩洛哥君主制與國會分享更多權力。此後，這個伊斯蘭主義政黨曾領導摩洛哥政府兩個五年任期，但在上次選舉中慘敗。The Islamist party headed Morocco's government for two five-year terms after a new constitution was adopted in 2011 in the wake of the "Arab Spring" protests, which led Morocco's monarchy to share more power with parliament, but lost heavily in the last election.

三個左翼政黨則取得較少席次。Three leftist parties took smaller shares of the seats.

投票率被密切視為民眾對民選機構信任程度的指標；本次投票率從五年前上次選舉約50%降至約38%。當時，執政十年的溫和伊斯蘭主義公正與發展黨遭遇慘敗。Turnout, closely watched as an indicator of trust in elected institutions, fell to about 38% from around 50% in the previous elections five years ago, when the moderate Islamist PJD party in power for a decade was dealt a crushing defeat.

（Ahmed El Jechtimi報導；Alexander Dziadosz與Andrew Heavens編輯）(Reporting by Ahmed El Jechtimi; Editing by Alexander Dziadosz and Andrew Heavens)