盧比歐表示，川普與委內瑞拉的羅德里格斯討論債務重組

記者西蒙・路易斯（Simon Lewis）與達芙妮・普薩萊達基斯（Daphne Psaledakis）By Simon Lewis and Daphne Psaledakis

路透紐約9月23日電——美國國務卿馬可・盧比歐週三表示，美國總統唐納・川普與委內瑞拉臨時總統德爾西・羅德里格斯討論了重組這個南美國家數十億美元主權債務的問題。NEW YORK, Sept 23 (Reuters) - US President Donald Trump and Venezuela's interim President Delcy Rodriguez discussed restructuring the South American nation's billions of dollars in sovereign debt, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on Wednesday.

川普週二晚間在聯合國大會場邊主持酒會，雙方在酒會上短暫會面。這是羅德里格斯自美軍在1月一次突襲中逮捕時任總統尼古拉斯・馬杜洛（Nicolas Maduro）以來，首度赴美。The brief meeting at a reception Trump hosted late on Tuesday on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly came during Rodriguez's first trip to the US since American forces captured then-President Nicolas Maduro in a January raid.

這場會面是馬杜洛下台後，美國與委內瑞拉關係迅速解凍的最新跡象。華府正支持協助委內瑞拉重新接軌國際貸款機構，並在多年債務違約、制裁與孤立後支持其經濟復甦的努力。The meeting is the latest sign of a rapid thaw in US-Venezuela ties since Maduro's removal. Washington is backing efforts to reconnect Venezuela with international lenders and support an economic recovery after years of default, sanctions and isolation.

盧比歐對記者表示：「為了讓委內瑞拉取得成功，還有很多事情需要修正。債務重組是其中關鍵。」"There's a lot that needs to be fixed in order for Venezuela to be successful," Rubio told reporters. "Debt restructuring is key to that."

盧比歐表示，委內瑞拉面臨的主權債務重整規模，很可能是全球最大之一。他說華府希望提供協助，但這個程序「必須以正確方式進行」。Rubio said Venezuela likely faces one of the world's biggest sovereign debt workouts. He said Washington wanted to help, but that the process "has to be done in the right way."

委內瑞拉5月宣布將開始重組其外債，這些債務自2017年以來一直處於違約狀態。委內瑞拉政府與國營石油公司委內瑞拉石油公司（Petroleos de Venezuela）合計約有600億美元未清償的違約債券。分析師估計，包括仲裁裁決金額與應計利息在內，總負債可能達到1500億至2000億美元。Venezuela announced in May it would begin restructuring its external debt, which has been in default since 2017. The government and state oil company Petroleos de Venezuela together have about $60 billion in defaulted bonds outstanding. Analysts estimate total liabilities, including arbitration awards and accrued interest, could reach $150 billion to $200 billion.

委內瑞拉多年來未公布完整債務資料，而美國2017年實施的制裁也使該國大致被排除在西方金融市場之外。Venezuela has not published full debt data for years, while US sanctions imposed in 2017 largely shut it out of Western financial markets.

政治變化POLITICAL CHANGE

盧比歐表示，華府也敦促委內瑞拉推動政治變化。批評人士指出，華府已將委內瑞拉反對派邊緣化，放棄要求舉行自由選舉，轉而尋求與臨時政府達成石油和投資協議。Rubio said Washington also pressed for political change. Critics say Washington has sidelined the Venezuelan opposition, dropping demands for free elections in favor of oil and investment deals with the interim government.

盧比歐說：「我們表明了這一點：到頭來，若要讓這項計畫成功，最終必須走向一場自由且公平的選舉。」"We made that point that in the end, for this project to be successful, it culminates in a free and fair election," Rubio said.

部分美國國會議員也呼籲舉行選舉；外界批評川普政府未能從羅德里格斯政府取得有意義的民主讓步。Some US lawmakers have also called for elections, amid criticism that the Trump administration has failed to extract meaningful democratic concessions from Rodriguez's government.

消息人士表示，羅德里格斯週一率領代表團抵達紐約，與美國官員、多邊貸款機構和企業就能源、採礦及債務議題舉行會談。Rodriguez arrived in New York on Monday with a delegation holding talks with US officials, multilateral lenders and companies on energy, mining and debt, sources said.

路透週二報導，泛美開發銀行（Inter-American Development Bank）行長一直在推動為委內瑞拉一筆25億美元貸款取得批准，儘管部分董事會成員有所抗拒。The head of the Inter-American Development Bank has been working to secure ‌approval for a $2.5 billion loan for Venezuela, Reuters reported on Tuesday, despite resistance from some board members.

相較於委內瑞拉整體債務，這筆貸款規模雖小，但將標誌著恢復國際放貸的一項重大進展。Though small relative to Venezuela's overall obligations, such a loan would mark a major step toward restoring international lending.

（西蒙・路易斯紐約報導，凱瑟琳・傑克森與達芙妮・普薩萊達基斯華盛頓報導；安東尼・埃斯波西托撰稿；大衛・柳恩格倫、凱莉・馬德里與桑吉夫・米格拉尼編輯）(Reporting by Simon Lewis in New York and Katharine Jackson and Daphne Psaledakis in Washington; Writing by Anthony Esposito; Editing by David Ljunggren, Kylie Madry and Sanjeev Miglani)