川普淡化AI風險後，聯合國秘書長提出警告

作者：安東尼・斯洛德科夫斯基By Antoni Slodkowski

聯合國，9月16日（路透）——聯合國秘書長安東尼歐・古特瑞斯（Antonio Guterres）週三警告各國領袖，快速發展的人工智慧帶來不容忽視的風險，這使他與美國總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）意見相左；川普主張，現有防護措施已經足夠。UNITED NATIONS, Sept 16 (Reuters) - U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned world leaders on Wednesday that rapidly advancing artificial intelligence poses risks that cannot be ignored, putting him at odds with President Donald Trump who has argued existing safeguards are sufficient.

古特瑞斯在下週紐約聯合國大會集會前告訴記者，推動更強有力的監督，將是他與前來紐約的全球領袖會談時的一大重點。Speaking ahead of next week's U.N. General Assembly gathering in New York, Guterres told reporters the need for stronger oversight would be a major focus of his talks with global leaders coming to the city.

古特瑞斯說：「我們不能無視外界提出的疑慮，尤其是那些站在AI發展第一線的人所提出的疑慮。任何政府的首要責任，就是保護自己的公民——包括保護他們免於人工智慧的威脅。」"We cannot afford to ignore concerns that have been raised, especially by those on the front lines of the development of AI," said Guterres. "It’s the first responsibility of any government to protect its citizens – including from the threats of artificial intelligence."

Anthropic研究員雅各・考克森（Jacob Coxon）上週表示，他辭職的部分原因是「打造AI的人真心相信，AI可能在這個十年結束前殺死我們所有人」；此後，公眾對AI可能構成危險的警覺日益升高。業界若干最大企業的領袖呼籲放慢這項技術的發展速度。Public alarm about the potential danger posed by AI is growing, after Anthropic researcher Jacob Coxon said last week he had resigned, in part because "people building AI earnestly believe that it could kill us all by the end of the decade." Leaders of some of the industry's largest companies called for slowing the pace of the technology's development.

川普週一表示，美國已設有規範並起訴AI公司的防護機制，淡化業界領袖表達的疑慮。Trump said on Monday that the U.S. already has guardrails in place to regulate and prosecute AI companies, playing down concerns expressed by industry leaders.

古特瑞斯長期推動AI的全球治理。聯合國於2023年成立一個由39名成員組成的AI諮詢機構，成員包括科技公司高階主管、政府官員，以及來自美國、俄羅斯和日本等國的學者。Guterres has long pushed for global governance of AI. In 2023, the U.N. created a 39-member advisory body on AI, with members including tech company executives, government officials and academics from countries such as the U.S., Russia and Japan.

外交官表示，聯合國安全理事會也可能在下週各國領袖齊聚紐約的年度會議期間，就AI議題開會。這個由15個成員組成的安理會，於2023年首次召開人工智慧相關會議。The U.N. Security Council may also meet next week on AI during the annual gathering of world leaders in New York, diplomats said. The 15-member council met for the first time on artificial intelligence in 2023.

古特瑞斯表示，在AI前沿領域能力最強的國家「應建立聯繫機制、資訊交流機制，以及一些共同防護規範，以避免這場逐底競賽有朝一日導致全球層級的巨大災難」。Guterres said the countries with the greatest capacity at the frontiers of AI "should establish mechanisms of contact, of exchange of information and some common guardrails in order to avoid this race to the bottom that could lead one day to a gigantic disaster at the global level."

川普曾表示，外界對AI發展產生疑慮，將使中國受益。Trump has said that China would benefit from the doubt being cast on AI development.

川普預定下週在華盛頓會見中國國家主席習近平。路透先前報導，兩國正規劃在9月中旬另行舉行一場會議，由較低層級的政府官員主導，討論AI風險。He is scheduled to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping next week in Washington. Reuters previously reported that the two countries were planning a separate meeting in mid-September ⁠to discuss the risks of AI, led by lower-level government officials.

古特瑞斯週三說：「我們需要對如何推進AI安全、可靠且負責任的發展形成共同理解，同時辨識日益強大的系統何時可能需要更強的防護措施，或需要額外措施來管理潛在風險。」"We need a shared understanding of how to advance the safe, secure and responsible development of AI – while identifying when increasingly powerful systems may require stronger safeguards, or additional measures to manage potential risks," Guterres said on Wednesday.

（安東尼・斯洛德科夫斯基報導；霍華德・戈勒編輯）(Reporting by Antoni Slodkowski; Editing by Howard Goller)