敘利亞國會表決廢除阿塞德時代反恐法院，撤銷其判決效力

大馬士革，9月16日——國營敘利亞新聞台（Al-Ikhbariya TV）報導，敘利亞國會週三表決廢除阿塞德時代設立的反恐法院，並撤銷其判決的法律效力。這是敘利亞新國會最早採取的重大立法行動之一。DAMASCUS, Sept 16 - Syria's parliament voted on Wednesday to abolish an Assad-era terrorism court and nullify the legal effects of its rulings, state-run Al-Ikhbariya TV reported, in one of the first significant legislative moves by the country's new assembly.

反恐法院於2012年成立，當時總統巴夏爾・阿塞德試圖鎮壓反對其統治的起義；該法院被用來以涉恐罪名起訴數以千計敘利亞人。The Counter-Terrorism Court was established in 2012 as then-President Bashar al-Assad sought to suppress an uprising against his rule, and it was used to prosecute thousands of Syrians for terrorism-related offences.

在敘利亞新當局已將該法院視為停止運作後，此舉使其廢除正式化。2025年6月，總統艾哈邁德・沙拉（Ahmed al-Sharaa）發布命令，解除67名曾任職於他當時所稱「已廢除的反恐法院」的法官職務。The move formalises the court's abolition after Syria's new authorities had already treated it as defunct. In June 2025, President Ahmed al-Sharaa issued a decree dismissing 67 judges who had served in what he described at the time as the "abolished Counter-Terrorism Court".

敘利亞2025年3月的憲法宣言也曾要求廢除該法院所發布、被其稱為不公正判決的效力，包括返還遭沒收的財產。Syria's March 2025 constitutional declaration had also called for abolishing the effects of what it described as unjust rulings issued by the court, including returning confiscated property.

聯合國人權事務委員會（United Nations Human Rights Committee）2024年表示，2012年設立該法院的法律未能充分提供關鍵司法保障，並對任意拘留、酷刑或不當對待，以及法院的獨立性提出疑慮。委員會也指出，該法院在起訴與審判期間獲准偏離一般程序。The United Nations Human Rights Committee said in 2024 that the 2012 law establishing the court failed to adequately provide key judicial guarantees and raised concerns over arbitrary detention, torture or ill-treatment, and the court's independence. It also noted that the court was permitted to depart from ordinary procedures during prosecution and trial.

聯合國的國際、公正和獨立機制（International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism）在2024年一份報告中表示，反恐法院是司法體系的一部分，阿塞德時代安全機構關押的被拘留者可透過該體系遭到起訴。報告記錄了政府拘留系統內普遍且有系統的酷刑與不當對待。The U.N.'s International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism said in a 2024 report that the Counter-Terrorism Court formed part of the judicial system through which detainees held by Assad-era security agencies could be prosecuted. The report documented widespread and systematic torture and ill-treatment across the government's detention system.

週三的表決發生在阿塞德於2024年12月被推翻後首屆國會成立的最初幾週。該議會於7月首次開會。Wednesday's vote came during the opening weeks of the first parliament formed since Assad was toppled in December 2024. The chamber convened for the first time in July.

這項表決是該議會最早作出的重大立法決定之一；此前，議會在最初幾次會議中制定內部規則並成立各委員會。本週，議會就全國學校狀況聽取教育部長穆罕默德・阿卜杜勒・拉赫曼・塔爾庫（Mohammad Abdul Rahman Tarkou）的說明，並預定於週四就燃料價格大幅上漲一事質詢能源部長。The vote is among the assembly's first major legislative decisions after it spent its initial sessions establishing its internal rules and committees. It held a hearing this week with Education Minister Mohammad Abdul Rahman Tarkou over the state of the country's schools and is due to question the energy minister on Thursday over a sharp rise in fuel prices.

（Feras Dalatey大馬士革報導；Hugh Lawson編輯）(Reporting by Feras Dalatey in Damascus; Editing by Hugh Lawson)