87歲馬德里租戶遭強制驅離，凸顯西班牙住房危機

作者：柯麗娜・龐斯By Corina Pons

馬德里，9月23日（路透社）——警方週三將一名87歲女性從她住了逾70年的馬德里住處強制驅離，儘管屋外有數百人抗議，政府也批評這項驅離命令。這場戲劇性事件成為西班牙住房危機新的引爆點。MADRID, Sept 23 (Reuters) - Police evicted an 87-year-old woman on Wednesday from her Madrid home of more than seven decades despite hundreds of people protesting outside and the government criticising the eviction order, in a dramatic new flashpoint of Spain's housing crisis.

瑪麗卡門・阿巴斯卡爾（Maricarmen Abascal）被告知只有30分鐘可以離開，且只能帶走必要物品；她最後由社會服務官員陪同，以擔架被抬出大樓，隨後由救護車載離。支持者則高喊：「瑪麗卡門，妳不孤單！」和「殺人兇手！」After being given just 30 minutes to leave with only essential belongings, Maricarmen Abascal was eventually removed from the building on a stretcher accompanied by social services officials and driven away in an ambulance as supporters chanted "Maricarmen, you're not alone!" and "Murderers!"

這起案件凸顯西班牙大城市長期租戶面臨的壓力日增；在這些城市，租金飆漲、仕紳化以及可負擔住宅短缺，已加劇社會與政治緊張。The case highlights mounting pressure on long-term tenants in major Spanish cities, where soaring rents, gentrification and a shortage of affordable housing have fuelled social and political tensions.

這間位於首都富裕的麗池區的公寓，先前已由一檔投資基金收購，該基金試圖大幅提高她的租金。The apartment in the capital's affluent Retiro neighbourhood had been acquired by an investment fund that sought a steep increase in her rent.

瑪麗卡門的律師貝亞特麗絲・杜羅（Beatriz Duro）表示，儘管有仍待法院處理的聲請、人道呼籲，以及顯示公部門正在設法安排替代住所的證據，法院人員和投資基金烏爾巴赫斯蒂翁（Urbagestion）的代表仍拒絕暫停驅離。Maricarmen's lawyer, Beatriz Duro, said court officials and representatives of the investment fund, Urbagestion, had refused to suspend the eviction despite a pending court filing, humanitarian appeals and evidence that public authorities were working to secure alternative accommodation.

烏爾巴赫斯蒂翁未立即回應媒體詢問。Urbagestion did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

杜羅表示，一名匿名人士曾提出願意代付租金，但房東拒絕簽署新租約。Duro said an anonymous individual had offered to cover the rent payments, but the landlord declined to sign a new lease.

瑪麗卡門在遭驅離前夕告訴記者：「我在這裡住了71年，我不想離開。」"I've lived here for 71 years and I don't want to leave," Maricarmen told reporters on the eve of the eviction.

這次驅離在大樓外引發緊張場面，警方強行移除堵住入口的抗議者。路透社目擊者看到，員警為清出門口，拖拉並推擠示威者，有些人被員警抬起手腳架離。The eviction sparked tense scenes outside the building, where police forcibly removed protesters blocking the entrance. Reuters witnesses saw officers dragging and pushing demonstrators, lifting some by their arms and legs as they cleared the doorway.

對於如何因應日益惡化的住房負擔能力危機，西班牙仍意見分歧。Spain remains divided over how to tackle a worsening housing affordability crisis.

左翼聯合政府一直推動加強租戶保障並擴大租金管制，但在分裂的國會中難以取得支持；由保守派主導的馬德里自治區政府則傾向較以市場為導向的做法。The left-wing coalition government has pushed for stronger tenant protections and wider rent controls, but has struggled to secure backing in a divided parliament, while the conservative-led Madrid regional government has favoured a more market-oriented approach.

馬德里自治區主席伊莎貝爾・迪亞斯・阿尤索（Isabel Diaz Ayuso）捲入一樁醜聞，涉及其政府透過一家公營不動產機構購買一戶價值630萬歐元（720萬美元）的豪華頂樓公寓。在野陣營指控阿尤索企圖將該房產作為私人住所，同時規避公共支出和透明度規定；她否認這些指控。Madrid's regional leader, Isabel Diaz Ayuso, is embroiled in a scandal regarding her government's purchase, via a public real estate agency, of a €6.3 million ($7.2 million) luxury penthouse. The opposition accuses Ayuso of seeking to use the property as her personal residence while bypassing public spending and transparency rules, which she denies.

在週三驅離現場，運動人士提到這樁醜聞時高喊：「把阿尤索的頂樓公寓給瑪麗卡門！」Referring to that scandal, activists at Wednesday's eviction shouted: "Ayuso's penthouse for Maricarmen!"

（1美元 = 0.8763歐元）($1 = 0.8763 euros)

（艾瑪・皮內多撰稿並補充報導；安德烈・哈利普與蓋瑞斯・瓊斯編輯）(Writing and additional reporting by Emma Pinedo, editing by Andrei Khalip and Gareth Jones)