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旅遊

【澳洲】春回塔斯曼尼亞 可愛動物Big Five再出動！

Travelbag.hk 線上旅遊雜誌

發布於 2022年11月12日12:27 • Kate

九月的南半球，正值春回大地，外型似是心型的塔斯曼尼亞島上，可愛的小動物們也開始四出活動，暫時就先雲端看看牠們的可愛模樣吧！

圖、文：Kate

塔斯獨有 塔斯曼尼亞惡魔

要數塔斯曼尼亞最獨一無二的動物，塔斯曼尼亞惡魔（Tasmanian Devil）一定是其中之一。牠是現存袋獾（Sarcophilus）科唯一品種，曾出沒於南澳洲大陸，但現在只能在塔斯曼尼亞可以找到，可見塔斯曼尼亞的天然純淨和得天獨厚。

全身漆黑，胸前有一條白線的塔斯曼尼亞惡魔，體積只有小狗般大小，兼且喜愛晚上活動，夜行的人們往往只能聽到牠們詭異又令人毛骨聳然的尖叫聲，所以給予牠「塔斯曼尼亞惡魔」的稱號。事實上，塔斯曼尼亞惡魔小而強大，上下顎可打開至達80度，而且擁有比世上任何同等身型的哺乳動物更強勁咬合力，其力度足以壓碎骨頭，甚至堅硬的金屬。牠最經常吃半腐爛的肉，直接減少蛆蟲生長，從而保護了灌木叢的健康，因此有天然吸塵器的美譽！憑著牠的稀有度和可愛外型，現在於島上多個園區都可以欣賞到牠們。

觀賞地點：

波諾朗野生動物療養院

Devils@Cradle

特羅瓦那野生動物療養院

塔斯曼尼亞惡魔保育中心

Bonorong specialises in Tasmanian wildlife education, care and rehabilitation and are committed to the conservation of Tasmania’s threatened species and providing a first class and engaging visitor experience. You will not only get to see Tasmanian wildlife but also have the opportunity to get right up close to pat, and hand feed a range of our delightful furry friends while discovering their unique stories.
Bonorong specialises in Tasmanian wildlife education, care and rehabilitation and are committed to the conservation of Tasmania’s threatened species and providing a first class and engaging visitor experience. You will not only get to see Tasmanian wildlife but also have the opportunity to get right up close to pat, and hand feed a range of our delightful furry friends while discovering their unique stories.

可愛之最 袋熊

在澳洲，樹上會想起樹熊，而陸地上同樣可愛到暈的，正是與牠有遠親關係的袋熊（Wombat）。外貌毛茸茸又圓轆轆，萌態十足的袋熊，與塔斯曼尼亞魔鬼一樣是夜行動物，但牠只愛吃植物，最愛用強而有力的爪和門牙來挖樹皮和樹根來吃和挖洞棲息。由於身陳代謝較慢，所以日常行動也會遲緩一點，但若受驚或遇到危險，牠們的逃生爆發力卻非同少可，時速可達40公里，並維持約90秒。

為了好好保護這可愛又性格平和的小動物，牠們出沒的地方都劃為國家公園，甚至將更弱小的放在保育區。黃昏時份，大家於國家公園踏單車或健行都有機會遇上袋熊，欣賞時記得保持距離，別驚動牠們，同時可留意一下，牠們的便便原來是方形，十分搞笑呢！

觀賞地點：

瑪利亞島

搖籃山-聖佳爾湖國家公園

小巧土著 小型沙袋鼠

澳洲袋鼠品種多達140種，Pademelon是小型沙袋鼠在塔斯曼尼亞的土著名稱。牠們體積雖然比普通沙袋鼠還要小，但濃密的毛髮和粗壯的尾巴，令小型沙袋鼠可以抵禦寒冬。由於牠們沒有攻擊力，所以只愛在森林邊緣的草地上吃草，方便牠們受到威脅的話可以迅速躲起來。

The pademelon is a stocky animal with a relatively short tail and legs to aid its movement through dense vegetation. It ranges in colour from dark-brown to grey-brown above and has a red-brown belly. The unusual common name, pademelon, is of Aboriginal derivation. The species is abundant and widespread throughout the state of Tasmania. It is commonly seen around many of the state’s national parks and in the suburbs of Hobart.
The pademelon is a stocky animal with a relatively short tail and legs to aid its movement through dense vegetation. It ranges in colour from dark-brown to grey-brown above and has a red-brown belly. The unusual common name, pademelon, is of Aboriginal derivation. The species is abundant and widespread throughout the state of Tasmania. It is commonly seen around many of the state’s national parks and in the suburbs of Hobart.

觀賞地點：

整個塔斯曼尼亞均很常見

原始之最 鴨嘴獸

集合鴨子的嘴、海狸的尾巴，毛髮又像水獺，兼四掌有蹼的鴨嘴獸（Platypus）是至今存活的三種上古類動物之一，牠最古老的化石發現於10萬年前。純淨的塔斯曼尼亞正是牠們最大棲息地之一，於島的北部河流和湖泊最為常見。身長不足半米的 鴨嘴獸，日常愛在清晨和黃昏時段在水邊獵食甲殼類和蚯蚓。雌性和雄性鴨嘴獸的踝部都有尖刺，但只有雄性的可放出毒液作自衛，所以大家還是乖乖的遠觀好！

觀賞地點：

Warrawee Forest Reserve

Platypus Walk

鴨嘴獸之家

Platypuses are identified by their streamlined body, webbed feet (platypus is Latin for ‘flat foot’), broad tail and characteristic duck-like bill. Platypuses are found in slow-flowing streams, rivers and in lakes and dams. In Tasmania, platypuses are common in the lakes of the Tasmanian Central Highlands and in the rivers and streams of the south and north-west coasts. Tasmanian platypus (apart from those on King Island) are bigger than their mainland cousins.
Platypuses are identified by their streamlined body, webbed feet (platypus is Latin for ‘flat foot’), broad tail and characteristic duck-like bill. Platypuses are found in slow-flowing streams, rivers and in lakes and dams. In Tasmania, platypuses are common in the lakes of the Tasmanian Central Highlands and in the rivers and streams of the south and north-west coasts. Tasmanian platypus (apart from those on King Island) are bigger than their mainland cousins.

不是箭豬 短吻針鼴鼠

短吻針鼴鼠（Echidna）與鴨嘴獸同為澳洲的另一個特有物種，是仍然存活的單孔目動物，又稱卵生哺乳類動物，於塔斯曼尼亞數量最多。牠只有0.5米的橢圓型的身上長滿了黃棕色體毛，加上全身長刺，令人誤以為是箭豬，但實際上短吻針鼴鼠是屬於食蟻獸家族。善長用長而黏的舌頭來捕食螞蟻跟白蟻。當遇到危險時，針鼴會蜷縮成球，或以驚人的掘土速度鑽進鬆散的泥土中。

觀賞地點：

友好海灘

鴨嘴獸之家

費爾德山國家公園

資料及相片提供：Tourism Tasmania

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