民主黨全面拿下美國國會，期中選舉強烈否定川普

作者：Joseph Ax、Brad Heath、Jason LangeBy Joseph Ax, Brad Heath and Jason Lange

華盛頓，11月4日（路透）——民主黨週二奪下參議院與眾議院控制權，數千萬選民對總統唐納・川普投下嚴厲否定票，讓民主黨數十年來首次在共和黨大本營取得壓倒性勝利。WASHINGTON, Nov 4 (Reuters) - Democrats seized control of both the Senate and House of Representatives on Tuesday, scoring sweeping victories in Republican strongholds for the first time in generations as tens of millions of voters delivered a scathing rebuke to President Donald Trump.

就在兩年前，這些保守派堡壘的選民才把川普推上第二任總統任期，如今卻大幅轉向民主黨，原因包括對不得人心的伊朗戰爭深感不滿、對高生活成本感到焦慮，以及對川普治理國家表現的憤怒。Voters in conservative bastions who had propelled the president to his second term in office just two years ago swung dramatically toward Democrats, fueled by deep frustration over the unpopular war with Iran, anxiety over the high cost of living and anger at Trump's stewardship of the country.

在共和黨最大州德州，民主黨以震撼方式終結數十年連敗，贏下一席參議員席次，並讓已連任三屆的州長葛瑞格・艾波特下台。In Texas, the biggest Republican state, Democrats ended a decades-long losing streak in seismic fashion, winning a Senate seat and ousting three-term Governor Greg Abbott.

堪薩斯選出近一世紀以來、也就是大蕭條以來首位民主黨參議員；在南卡羅來納州，川普2024年曾以近18個百分點拿下該州，但民主黨擊敗了他欽點的參議員候選人。Kansas elected its first Democratic senator since the Great Depression nearly a century ago, and in South Carolina, a state that Trump carried by nearly 18 points in 2024, Democrats turned aside his hand-picked Senate candidate.

這些選舉結果將為華府迎來分裂政府的新時代。此前兩年，由共和黨掌控的國會鮮少行使權力制衡川普。The results will usher in a new era of divided government in Washington, following two years in which the Republican-controlled Congress rarely exercised its power to rein in Trump.

民主黨人1月就任後，預料將運用權力調查川普政府、家族與盟友，並在重大法案上要求讓步。民主黨掌控的參議院可阻擋川普提名人選；若美國最高法院出現空缺，也包括最高法院大法官人選。Once seated in January, Democrats are expected to use their power to investigate Trump's administration, family and allies and demand concessions on major legislation. The Democratic Senate can block Trump's nominees, including any US Supreme Court justices should a vacancy arise.

民主黨參議院少數黨領袖查克・舒默表示：「參議院版圖如今出現一場世代性的重塑，這將改變美國。美國人投票支持改變，現在民主黨必須拿出成果。」"There is now a generational remake of the Senate map that is going to change America," said Chuck Schumer, the party's Senate minority leader. "Americans voted for change, and now Democrats must deliver."

川普受美國憲法限制，不得尋求第三任期；過去十年大半時間，他對共和黨握有鐵腕控制。不過，華府新的權力平衡可能加速他進入跛腳狀態，因外界注意力轉向2028年總統大選，潛在接班人也開始在後川普世界競逐政治影響力。Trump, who is barred by the US Constitution from seeking a third term, has exercised an iron grip on his party for most of the last decade. But the new balance of power in Washington may accelerate his lame-duck status, as attention turns toward the 2028 presidential race and potential successors begin competing for political influence in a post-Trump world.

儘管民主黨人擔心川普可能像2020年那樣試圖推翻選舉結果，總統仍接受了結果，並在接受福斯新聞訪問時向民主黨人道賀。他也表示將在移民等議題上與民主黨合作，但威脅會否決他們通過的任何「瘋狂」法案。Despite worries from Democrats that Trump might seek to overturn the election results, as he did in 2020, the president accepted the outcome, congratulating Democrats in an interview with Fox News. He also said he would work with Democrats on issues such as immigration, though he threatened to veto any "insane" bills they passed.

民主黨浪潮DEMOCRATIC WAVE

民主黨把競選焦點放在貪腐與民生負擔能力上，指責川普關稅政策與伊朗戰爭推高成本，同時凸顯川普重返白宮後，其家族賺進數十億美元。Democrats focused their campaign on corruption and affordability, blaming Trump's tariff policy and the war with Iran for driving up costs while highlighting the billions of dollars the Trump family has made since he returned to the White House.

由川普帶頭的共和黨人，則在跨性別權利等文化戰議題上攻擊民主黨，並把對手描繪成激進、極端。但一次又一次民調顯示，選民明確表示他們更關心荷包問題。Republicans, led by Trump, attacked Democrats over culture war issues such as transgender rights while portraying their opponents as radical and extreme. But in poll after poll, voters made it clear they were far more concerned with pocketbook issues.

民主黨浪潮席捲全國大片地區。根據路透與《今日美國》彙整的計票結果，在多數選票已完成統計的約2100個郡中，除少數幾個郡外，共和黨支持率都出現下滑。The Democratic wave flooded huge swaths of the country. Republicans lost ground in all but a handful of the approximately 2,100 counties where most votes had been counted, according to tallies compiled by Reuters and USA Today.

民主黨在最富有的郡與最貧窮的郡都取得進展；在大學學歷人口比例較高與較低的郡也是如此。民主黨在拉丁裔人口高度集中的郡進展尤其顯著，包括2024年曾轉向川普的德州邊境郡，以及堪薩斯大草原上的農業城鎮。Democrats made gains in the richest counties and the poorest; in counties where more people have college degrees and where fewer do. Democrats' advances were particularly sharp in heavily Latino counties, including the border counties of Texas that shifted toward Trump in 2024 and the agricultural towns of the Kansas prairie.

在堪薩斯州蘇厄德郡，當地有全美最大牛肉加工廠之一，約半數合格選民為西語裔。民主黨人亞當・漢彌爾頓領先共和黨現任參議員羅傑・馬歇爾13個百分點；兩年前，川普在該郡以39個百分點勝出。In Seward County, Kansas, home to one of America's biggest beef processing plants and where about half of eligible voters are Hispanic, Democrat Adam Hamilton led incumbent Republican Senator Roger Marshall by 13 points, two years after Trump won the county by 39 points.

民主黨翻轉共和黨目前掌握的二十多個眾議院席次，穩住多數地位。已決出勝負的眾議院激烈競爭選區，民主黨全數拿下；此外，在約十個川普兩年前以兩位數差距勝出的選區，民主黨也贏得勝利。Democrats flipped more than two dozen House seats currently held by Republicans, locking in a majority. Democrats won all the closely contested House races that have been decided so far, and they won about a dozen races in districts that Trump won by double digits two years ago.

共和黨史無前例地試圖重劃多個眾議院選區，使其更有利於共和黨，但這項策略大致失敗，民主黨守住大多數被鎖定的席次。An unprecedented Republican gambit to redraw several House districts to make them more favorable largely failed, with Democrats hanging on to most of the targeted seats.

期中選舉通常被視為對現任總統的公投，而川普幾乎沒有試圖打消選民這種想法。競選最後幾週，他舉行數十場造勢，一再告訴支持者「假裝我也在選票上」。Midterm elections are typically seen as a referendum on the sitting president, and Trump did little to disabuse voters of that notion. In the campaign's final weeks, he held dozens of rallies, telling supporters repeatedly to "pretend I'm on the ballot."

今年稍早，他也介入數場共和黨初選，確保自己屬意的人選進入大選選票；儘管部分共和黨人擔心，他挑選的人選背負重大弱點。He also intervened in several Republican primaries earlier this year to ensure his preferred candidates reached the ballot, despite concerns from some Republicans that his choices carried significant liabilities.

在德州，川普支持醜聞纏身的州檢察長肯・帕克斯頓，挑戰現任參議員約翰・柯寧。在南卡羅來納州，參議員林賽・葛蘭姆今年稍早突然去世後，川普欽點他的妹妹、政治素人達琳・葛蘭姆。兩名候選人都落敗。In Texas, Trump backed Ken Paxton, the scandal-ridden state attorney general, over the incumbent, Senator John Cornyn. In South Carolina, the president anointed Darline Graham, a political neophyte, after her brother, Senator Lindsey Graham, died suddenly earlier this year. Both candidates lost.

但即使是試圖與川普保持距離的候選人，也未能逃過選民怒火。在緬因州，共和黨現任參議員蘇珊・柯林斯週二結束了她30年的參議院生涯；儘管她在競選期間強調自己願意與總統切割。But even candidates who sought to distance themselves from Trump were unable to escape voters' wrath. In Maine, Republican incumbent Susan Collins had her 30-year Senate career end on Tuesday, despite emphasizing her willingness to break with the president during the campaign.

進步派民主黨人阿卜杜勒・艾爾-賽義德贏得密西根州開放的參議院席次，成為首位當選參議員的穆斯林。他擊敗前國會議員、聯邦調查局探員麥克・羅傑斯；羅傑斯在川普支持下投入選戰，並試圖不實地把出生於密西根的埃及裔美國人艾爾-賽義德描繪成宗教極端分子。Progressive Democrat Abdul El-Sayed won Michigan’s open Senate seat, becoming the first Muslim elected to the chamber. He defeated Mike Rogers, a former congressman and FBI agent, who entered the race with Trump's backing and sought to falsely portray El-Sayed, an Egyptian American born in Michigan, as a religious extremist.

艾爾-賽義德週二晚間對歡呼的支持者說：「你選擇仇恨，而密西根選擇希望。」他指的是羅傑斯。"You chose hate, and Michigan chose hope," El-Sayed told cheering supporters on Tuesday night, referring to Rogers.

截至週三清晨，密西西比州與阿拉斯加州競爭激烈的參議院選戰尚未決定勝負。Competitive Senate races in Mississippi and Alaska had yet to be called early on Wednesday.

週二晚間，隨著共和黨面臨失去國會多數席次的危險日益明顯，川普在社群媒體寫道：「我不在選票上，如果我在，我們會以壓倒性勝利贏下來！」On Tuesday night, as it grew clear Republicans were in danger of losing their congressional majorities, Trump wrote on social media, "I wasn't on the Ballot and if I was, we would have won IN A LANDSLIDE!"

川普在媒體訪問中承認，與伊朗的衝突在共和黨敗選中扮演了一定角色，但仍堅持自己開戰的決定。In media interviews, Trump acknowledged the conflict with Iran had played a role in his party's losses but stood by his decision to go to war.

選民否定川普VOTERS REBUKE TRUMP

根據SSRS代表包括主要電視網與美聯社在內的美國媒體聯盟所做的出口民調，全國半數選民表示，他們把2026年期中選舉視為否定總統的機會；四分之三選民表示，他們對國家前進方向感到「憤怒」或「不滿」。According to exit polls conducted by SSRS on behalf of a consortium of US media outlets including major television networks and the Associated Press, half of voters nationwide said they saw the 2026 midterm elections as an opportunity to rebuke the president, and three-quarters said they are "angry" or "dissatisfied" with the way the country is headed.

此外，受訪選民中有70%表示，希望國會對總統提供更多制衡。In addition, 70% of voters surveyed said they want Congress to provide more checks and balances on the president.

民主黨籍喬治亞州現任參議員強・奧索夫在勝選派對上對支持者表示：「透過全面且決定性的勝利，美國人民已經否定了這名叫做唐納・J・川普總統的人的墮落、貪腐與無能。」"In sweeping and decisive victories, the American people have rebuked the depravity, corruption and incompetence of the man named President Donald J. Trump," incumbent Democratic Senator Jon Ossoff of Georgia told supporters at a victory party.

這一晚也為兩黨寫下數項歷史首次。在喬治亞州，民主黨人凱莎・蘭斯・巴頓斯成為美國各州首位當選州長的黑人女性；拜倫・唐納茲贏得佛州州長選舉，成為美國首位黑人共和黨州長。民主黨人吉娜・伊諾霍薩將成為德州首位拉丁裔女性州長，民主黨人哈維爾・貝塞拉則將成為加州首位拉丁裔州長。The night included several historic firsts for both parties. In Georgia, Democrat Keisha Lance Bottoms became the first Black woman elected governor of any US state, while Byron Donalds won Florida's gubernatorial race to become the first Black Republican governor in the US. Democrat Gina Hinojosa will become the first Latina governor in Texas, while Democrat Xavier Becerra will be California's first Latino governor.

（華盛頓Joseph Ax、Jason Lange、Brad Heath與底特律Nathan Layne報導；Nolan D. McCaskill、Dan Rosenzweig-Ziff、Dan Catchpole、Richard Cowan、Daphne Psaledakis、Leah Douglas、Courtney Rozen、Jarrett Renshaw補充報導；Joseph Ax、Jonathan Allen、Brad Brooks撰稿；Paul Thomasch、Howard Goller、Alistair Bell編輯）(Reporting by Joseph Ax, Jason Lange and Brad Heath in Washington and Nathan Layne in Detroit; Additional reporting by Nolan D. McCaskill, Dan Rosenzweig-Ziff, Dan Catchpole, Richard Cowan, Daphne Psaledakis, Leah Douglas, Courtney Rozen and Jarrett Renshaw; Writing by Joseph Ax, Jonathan Allen and Brad Brooks; Editing by Paul Thomasch, Howard Goller and Alistair Bell)