G7盟友將在巴黎會談評估川普期中選舉受挫的影響

約翰・艾瑞許（John Irish）與賽門・路易斯（Simon Lewis）報導By John Irish and Simon Lewis

巴黎，11月9日（路透社）——4名G7外交官表示，七大工業國集團（G7）外長週一齊聚巴黎，目的是評估美國總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）在期中選舉失利，是否會改變其政府對烏克蘭、中東，以及與最親密盟友關係的處理方式。PARIS, Nov 9 (Reuters) - G7 foreign ministers gathered in Paris on Monday aiming to gauge whether a US midterm defeat for President Donald Trump alters the administration's approach to Ukraine, the Middle East and ties with its closest allies, four G7 diplomats said.

這些外交官暗示，民主黨的斬獲可能限縮白宮的操作空間，但也警告，在外交政策仍大幅由川普掌控的情況下，不應期待美國回歸傳統多邊主義。The diplomats signalled the Democrats' gains could narrow the White House's room for manoeuvre, but warned against expecting a return to traditional US multilateralism while foreign policy remains very much under Trump's control.

這場會議在法國各地數週抗議後，基於安全理由臨時從馬賽改至巴黎舉行。被視為2028年潛在總統參選人的美國國務卿馬可・魯比歐，將在選舉後首次現身盟友面前。The meeting, moved at short notice from Marseille to Paris for security reasons after weeks of protests across France, will see US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, viewed as a potential 2028 presidential contender, make his first appearance before allies since the elections.

伊朗預料將是討論重點。華府的G7盟友已多次對這場戰爭表達懷疑，並擔心美國進一步軍事行動可能使危機惡化，而非解決危機。Iran is expected to feature prominently in discussions. Washington's G7 allies have repeatedly voiced scepticism over the war and fear further US military action could worsen rather than resolve the crisis.

魯比歐在前往法國首都途中，淡化與伊朗達成協議的可能性；伊朗議題是導致選民轉而反對川普的問題之一。Speaking on his way to the French capital, Rubio downplayed the chances of a deal with Iran, one of the issues that saw voters turn against Trump.

他說：「我不會說我們正處於突破的邊緣。」他並補充，有時領導人必須推動不受歡迎的政策，因為那是正確的事。"I wouldn't say we're on the verge of a breakthrough," he said, adding sometimes leaders had to press on with unpopular policies because it was the right thing to do.

根據美國國務院的會議紀要，魯比歐在與法國外長尚-諾艾爾・巴羅場邊會晤時，似乎延續川普政府對美國歐洲盟友的強硬表態，要求終止歐盟貿易優惠，以及美方所稱對美國企業的「過度監管」。In a sideline meeting with French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot, Rubio appeared to stick to the Trump administration's tough-talking approach toward US allies in Europe, calling for an end to EU trade preferences and what the US calls "overregulation" of American companies, according to a US State Department readout of the meeting.

該紀要說，魯比歐也就美國對國際刑事法院（International Criminal Court）的關切向巴羅施壓。魯比歐以該法院不願保證不會起訴美國官員為由，已宣布制裁措施，意在削弱法院運作能力，並將於4月生效。Rubio also pressed Barrot on US concerns about the International Criminal Court, it said. Rubio, citing the court's unwillingness to guarantee it won't prosecute US officials, has announced sanctions aimed at crippling the court's ability to operate that come into effect in April.

阿布達比會談前夕，烏克蘭成焦點UKRAINE IN FOCUS AHEAD OF ABU DHABI TALKS

G7由英國、加拿大、法國、德國、義大利、日本和美國，以及歐盟組成。烏克蘭、沙烏地阿拉伯、埃及、南韓和巴西的部長也出席會議。The G7 comprises Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States, as well as the European Union. Ministers from Ukraine, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, South Korea and Brazil are also attending.

烏克蘭也可能位居議程首位；這場部長級會議是在烏克蘭、俄羅斯和美國週二於阿布達比舉行三方討論前登場。巴羅週日表示，法國、英國、德國、北大西洋公約組織（NATO）和歐盟執委會官員也將在阿拉伯聯合大公國首都。Ukraine is also likely to top the agenda, with the ministerial meeting coming ahead of trilateral discussions on Tuesday in Abu Dhabi between Ukraine, Russia and the United States. Officials from France, Britain, Germany, NATO and the European Commission will also be in the Emirati capital, Barrot said on Sunday.

義大利總理喬治亞・梅洛尼（Giorgia Meloni）11月5日警告，如果歐洲各成員國繼續各自推動外交路線，而非就共同代表與共同策略達成一致，歐洲恐在終結烏克蘭戰爭的努力中變得無足輕重；此舉顯示歐洲國家之間存在摩擦。In a sign of friction among Europeans, Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni warned on November 5 that Europe risked becoming irrelevant in efforts to end the war in Ukraine if member states continued pursuing separate diplomatic tracks, rather than agreeing on a common representative and strategy.

歐盟外交政策負責人卡雅・卡拉斯在巴黎告訴路透社，她幾乎看不到俄羅斯有談判終結戰爭的善意，並表示莫斯科一直在「假裝談判」。The EU's foreign policy chief, Kaja Kallas, told Reuters in Paris she saw little sign of Russian goodwill to negotiate an end to the war, saying Moscow has been "pretending to negotiate."

外交官對烏克蘭局勢描繪出黯淡圖像。他們說，雖然前線大致已經穩定，使重大突破不太可能出現，但他們警告，俄羅斯已改變戰術，轉向有系統鎖定能源基礎設施，企圖引發全國性冬季停電。Diplomats painted a sombre picture of the situation in Ukraine. While the front had largely stabilised, making major breakthroughs unlikely, they warned that Russia had shifted tactics toward systematically targeting energy infrastructure in an effort to trigger a nationwide winter blackout.

這些外交官說，愛國者攔截飛彈及其他防空系統短缺，是基輔最迫切的軍事弱點；G7會議的一項目標，將是在維持對俄羅斯壓力的同時，動員更多對烏克蘭的軍事、財政和能源支援。Shortages of Patriot interceptor missiles and other air-defence systems were Kyiv's most urgent military vulnerability and they said one objective of the G7 meeting would be to sustain pressure on Russia while mobilising additional military, financial and energy support for Ukraine.

義大利外長安東尼奧・塔加尼表示，會談也將聚焦混合威脅；此前他說，他的個人資料已被親俄駭客發布在暗網上。After his personal data had been published on the dark web by what he said were pro-Russian hackers, Italy's Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani said talks would also focus on hybrid threats.

歐洲各地近來發生一連串事件，包括飛航惡作劇通報、超市遭網路攻擊，以及試圖利用法國抗議活動的行動。There has been a spate of incidents across Europe, including flight hoaxes, cyberattacks on supermarkets and efforts to exploit protests in France.

（約翰・艾瑞許與賽門・路易斯報導；克里斯・里斯、艾力克斯・理查森與羅斯・羅素編輯）(Reporting by John Irish and Simon Lewis; Editing by Chris Reese, Alex Richardson and Ros Russell)