歐盟卡拉斯：俄羅斯一邊「轟炸平民」一邊「假裝」就烏克蘭談判

約翰・愛爾蘭報導By John Irish

巴黎，11月9日（路透）——歐盟外交政策最高官員週一表示，她幾乎看不到俄羅斯展現出談判結束烏克蘭戰爭的善意。她並說，莫斯科已簽署多項支撐歐洲安全的協議，卻未能遵守。PARIS, Nov 9 (Reuters) - The EU's foreign policy chief said on Monday she saw little sign of Russian goodwill to negotiate an end to the war in Ukraine, adding Moscow had already signed up to numerous agreements underpinning European security but had failed to respect them.

卡拉斯是在G7部長級會議場邊發表上述談話。烏克蘭、俄羅斯與美國週二將在阿布達比舉行三方討論，法國、英國、德國、北約（NATO）與歐盟執委會官員也將在阿拉伯聯合大公國首都出席。Kaja Kallas was speaking on the sidelines of a G7 ministerial meeting ahead of trilateral discussions on Tuesday in Abu Dhabi between Ukraine, Russia and the United States. Officials from France, Britain, Germany, NATO and the European Commission will also be in the Emirati capital.

卡拉斯在巴黎接受路透社訪問時表示：「到目前為止，他們只是一直假裝在談判，因為我們沒有看到俄羅斯方面有任何善意。」"So far they have just been pretending that they negotiate because we haven't seen any goodwill from the Russian side," Kallas told Reuters in an interview in Paris.

「他們在轟炸基輔，他們在轟炸平民。烏克蘭人在戰場上取得進展，因此俄羅斯的重點只放在平民身上，要在嚴冬來臨前造成盡可能多的苦難。」"They are bombing Kyiv, they are bombing civilians. Ukrainians are making advances on the battlefield, so the Russian focus has been only on civilians to cause as much suffering before the hard winter is coming."

俄羅斯否認以平民為目標，但近幾個月來，隨著俄軍在烏克蘭東部的推進陷入停滯，俄羅斯已加強對烏克蘭能源基礎設施和其他關鍵目標的空襲。Russia denies targeting civilians but has stepped up its aerial attacks on Ukrainian energy infrastructure and other key targets in recent months, as its forces' advances in eastern Ukraine have stalled.

烏克蘭則以無人機攻擊俄羅斯能源設施作為回應，目標往往深入俄羅斯境內。Ukraine has responded with drone attacks on Russian energy installations, often deep inside Russian territory.

莫斯科長期指控歐洲國家拒絕將俄羅斯自身在歐洲的安全疑慮納入考量，例如推動北約擴大到俄羅斯邊境。Moscow has long accused the Europeans of refusing to take Russia's own security concerns into consideration in Europe, for example by pursuing NATO enlargement up to its borders.

卡拉斯：俄羅斯必須遵守既有協議RUSSIA MUST RESPECT EXISTING AGREEMENTS, KALLAS SAYS

美國主要談判代表之一賈里德・庫許納（Jared Kushner）上週表示，美國正在推動一項「更廣泛的歐洲安全架構」。這讓一些歐洲人感到憂心；他們一再表示，不會接受任何未經他們同意的安排。Jared Kushner, one of the lead US negotiators, said last week that the US was working on a "broader European security architecture", something that has worried some Europeans, who have repeatedly said they would not accept anything they had not agreed to.

卡拉斯說：「問題在於，我們其實已經有一套俄羅斯同意的歐洲安全架構。」她舉例包括1994年的《布達佩斯備忘錄》（Budapest Memorandum），當時俄羅斯及其他國家承諾尊重烏克蘭的獨立、主權和既有邊界。"The problem is that we already have a European security architecture in place that Russia has agreed to," Kallas said, citing examples including the 1994 Budapest Memorandum, when Russia and others pledged to respect the independence, sovereignty and existing borders of Ukraine.

她補充說：「所有這些討論都必須著眼於，我們如何確保俄羅斯真正遵守它已承擔的義務。」"All this talk has to be about how we make sure that Russia actually respects the obligations that it has taken," she added.

歐洲內部摩擦EUROPEAN FRICTION

作為歐洲人之間出現摩擦的跡象，義大利總理喬治亞・梅洛尼（Giorgia Meloni）11月5日警告，如果成員國繼續各自推動外交管道，而不是就共同代表和策略達成一致，歐洲在結束烏克蘭戰爭的努力中恐有淪為無關緊要的風險。In a sign of friction among Europeans, Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni warned on November 5 that Europe risked becoming irrelevant in efforts to end the war in Ukraine if member states continued pursuing separate diplomatic tracks, rather than agreeing on a common representative and strategy.

卡拉斯表示，未來有關歐洲安全的討論，應由歐盟依照其條約和制度架構主導，而不是透過臨時組成的形式進行。Kallas said future discussions on European security should be led by the European Union in line with its treaties and institutional structures, rather than through ad hoc formats.

她說：「很明顯，大國也想和大國對話。」她並表示：「但談到歐洲安全議題時，歐盟已有非常明確的規範。我們有條約。」"It is clear that the big countries want to talk also to big countries," she said. "But when it comes to European security issues, then the European Union has very clear lines in place. We have the treaties," she also said.

歐盟目前正在協商第22輪對俄羅斯制裁方案。卡拉斯表示，她希望美國總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）所屬共和黨在上週期中選舉遭受的挫敗，會改變華府對烏克蘭的做法。With the EU currently negotiating a 22nd package of sanctions on Russia, Kallas said she hoped that losses suffered by US President Donald Trump's Republicans in last week's midterm elections would alter Washington's approach to Ukraine.

她說：「我們希望會對俄羅斯施壓，要求結束這場戰爭，並以（美國）制裁施壓。如果我們能與美國人一起這麼做，真的會產生效果。」"We are hoping that there will be pressure on Russia to end this war and pressure (with) the (US) sanctions," she said. "If we were to do this together with the Americans, it would really have an effect."

（約翰・愛爾蘭報導；蓋瑞斯・瓊斯編輯）(Reporting by John Irish;Editing by Gareth Jones)