提姆・庫克接任輝達執行長？川普與全球都在思考下一任是誰

舊金山，11月12日（路透）——談到輝達（Nvidia）下一任執行長，唐納・川普的想法相當跳脫框架。SAN FRANCISCO, Nov 12 (Reuters) - When it comes to the next CEO of Nvidia, Donald Trump is thinking outside the box.

這家AI晶片公司的董事會與執行長黃仁勳（Jensen Huang）分道揚鑣後，美國總統週四在社群媒體上表示：「只有一個人能接替他——蘋果的提姆・庫克。由一位傳奇取代另一位傳奇！」After the AI chip company's board parted ways with chief Jensen Huang, the US president said on social media on Thursday, "There is only one man to take his place - TIM COOK of Apple. A Legend replaces a Legend!"

輝達表示，尋找長期接班人的行動已經展開，董事會對內部與外部候選人都持開放態度。The hunt is on for a permanent successor, and the board is open to insider and outsider candidates, Nvidia said.

分析師與投資人希望新任執行長懂技術、有願景，並具備財務判斷力；因為這家公司不僅是製造商，也是AI熱潮中的重要投資者。擁有經營大型企業的經驗，很可能是一項必要條件。Analysts and investors want someone who understands the tech, has vision and possesses acumen in finance, since the company has been a major investor in the AI boom, as well as a manufacturer. Experience running a massive company is a likely requirement.

獲任命為臨時執行長的輝達財務長科萊特・克雷斯，以及超級工程師伊恩・巴克（Ian Buck），分別在投資人最重視的兩個領域具備專長：公司的財務事務與技術。Nvidia's Chief Financial Officer Colette Kress, who was named interim CEO, and uber-engineer Ian Buck bring expertise in the two areas that investors value most: the company's money matters and its technology.

預測市場網站Polymarket上的交易者認為，巴克最有可能成為下一任執行長，其後依序是克雷斯、安謀控股（Arm Holdings）執行長雷內・哈斯（Rene Haas）與庫克。Traders on prediction market website Polymarket favored Buck as most likely to become the next CEO, followed by Kress, Arm Holdings CEO Rene Haas and Cook.

以下是晶片產業觀察人士討論的一些人選：Here are some names discussed by chip watchers:

科萊特・克雷斯，輝達財務長COLETTE KRESS, NVIDIA CFO

分析師與投資人表示，資深主管克雷斯週四獲任命為臨時執行長；她的經驗、權威以及與華爾街的深厚關係，使她成為帶領公司度過危機的合適人選。Veteran Kress was named interim CEO on Thursday, and her experience, authority and deep relationship with Wall Street make her a good choice to steer the company through crisis, analysts and investors have said.

克雷斯自2013年起擔任輝達財務長。在此之前，她長期任職於多家大型科技公司，包括微軟（Microsoft）、思科（Cisco）與晶片公司德州儀器（Texas Instruments）。如果由她掌舵公司，一大問題將是誰來扮演技術願景家的角色。Kress has been Nvidia's CFO since 2013. Before that, she had a long career at major tech companies including Microsoft, Cisco and chip company Texas Instruments. A big question would be who fills the role of tech visionary if she runs the company.

伊恩・巴克，輝達超大規模與高效能運算副總裁IAN BUCK, NVIDIA VICE PRESIDENT OF HYPERSCALE AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING

巴克於2004年加入輝達，是開發相關技術的領導者之一，這些技術使輝達從一家專注於電玩晶片的公司，轉型為AI硬體領域最具影響力的力量。他透過協助主導CUDA開發達成這一點；CUDA是讓輝達繪圖處理器能進行通用運算的軟體平台。巴克也負責管理輝達AI硬體與軟體產品，並與大型客戶密切合作。Buck, who joined in 2004, was a leader in developing the technology that turned Nvidia from a company focused on video game chips into the biggest force in AI hardware. He did that by helping lead development of CUDA, the software platform that enabled general-purpose computing on Nvidia’s graphics processors. Buck also works closely with big customers as manager of Nvidia AI hardware and software products.

投資人會希望看到一位能洞察下一步的願景家，這也是巴克職責中的關鍵部分。巴克去年在美國銀行（Bank of America）一場會議上表示：「我工作中最具挑戰性的部分之一，往往是試著預測未來，但AI總是不斷讓我們驚訝。」Investors will want a visionary who can see what's next, a key part of Buck's mandate. “One of the most challenging parts of my job often is to try to predict the future, but AI is always surprising us,” Buck said at a Bank of America conference last year.

雷內・哈斯，安謀執行長RENE HAAS, CEO OF ARM

安謀（Arm）執行長雷內・哈斯在輝達的7年，為他的職涯發展奠定重要基礎，職位升至其運算產品事業副總裁暨總經理，之後於2013年加入安謀。他在2022年成為執行長，並監督這家英國晶片製造商於2023年在那斯達克掛牌。Arm CEO Rene Haas spent seven formative years at Nvidia, rising to vice president and general manager of its computing products business, before joining Arm in 2013. He became CEO in 2022, overseeing the British chipmaker's Nasdaq listing in 2023.

今年4月，他也接掌母公司軟銀（SoftBank）的國際業務，並擔任軟銀集團董事。In April, he also took over the reins of parent SoftBank's international business and is a board member of SoftBank Group.

安謀設計處理器架構，並將其授權給其他公司，再由這些公司開發個別晶片設計。安謀的強項歷來在手機領域，目前正拓展至電腦。這使它與同樣從事晶片設計的輝達有許多重疊之處，不過安謀的營收與員工人數都小得多。Arm designs processor architectures and licenses them to other companies that then develop individual chip designs. Historically its strengths have been in mobile phones, and it is expanding into computers. That gives it a lot of overlap with Nvidia, which also is a chip designer, although Arm is much smaller in revenue and employee count.

帕特里克・季辛格，英特爾前執行長PAT GELSINGER, FORMER INTEL CEO

帕特里克・季辛格（Pat Gelsinger）曾主導一項目標遠大的改革計畫，試圖讓英特爾（Intel）轉型，但這些改革難以取得進展，他在任不到4年後於2024年離開這家晶片製造商。Pat Gelsinger led an ambitious effort to turn around Intel, but he left the chipmaker in 2024 after fewer than four years, as the changes struggled to gain traction.

儘管如此，季辛格仍是全球少數知道如何經營晶片公司的人之一，而且他了解設計與製造，因為英特爾兩者都做。輝達並不自行製造晶片，但它的成功取決於與製造合作夥伴之間的緊密關係。Still, Gelsinger is one of a handful of people in the world who know what it's like to run a chip company, and he knows both design and manufacturing, since Intel does both. Nvidia does not make its own chips, but its success depends on tight relations with its manufacturers.

季辛格18歲時在英特爾展開職涯，並在該公司工作30年，一路升任成為英特爾首任技術長，之後掌管博通（Broadcom）旗下VMware近10年。他於2021年回鍋擔任英特爾執行長。Gelsinger started his career at Intel at 18 and spent 30 years at the company, rising to become its first chief technology officer, before running Broadcom's VMware for nearly a decade. He returned as Intel CEO in 2021.

蘇姿丰，超微執行長LISA SU, AMD CEO

蘇姿丰（Lisa Su）領導輝達的主要競爭對手之一超微（AMD）。如果她接替黃仁勳，這項人事變動將對超微造成重大衝擊，並在整個產業引發震盪。Lisa Su leads one of Nvidia's top rivals, AMD . If she replaced Huang, the move would represent a major disruption for AMD and a shift felt across the industry.

蘇姿丰與黃仁勳都出生於台灣，兩人曾稱彼此是遠房親戚。Su and Huang were both born in Taiwan, and they have claimed each other as a distant relative.

但她以與黃仁勳截然不同、較不張揚的風格聞名；黃仁勳在亞洲走訪時經常吸引大批人潮。她較低調的作風讓她在關鍵的中國市場贏得盟友，並曾與中國商務部長及副總理何立峰會面。But she is known for a vastly different, less flashy style from Huang, who often drew crowds during his forays to Asia. Her quieter approach has won her allies in the key China market, where she has scored meetings with China's commerce minister and Vice Premier He Lifeng.

隨著美國出口管制導致輝達在中國的市占率大幅下滑，蘇姿丰領導下的超微仍找到進入中國的管道，包括透過中央處理器（CPU）與消費級繪圖處理器（GPU）。這些產品協助超微取得中國AI晶片市場4%的市占率。As US export controls led to a cratering of Nvidia's market share in China, AMD under Su still found avenues into the country, including with central processing units (CPUs) and consumer graphics processing units (GPUs). These helped it attain a 4% share of China's AI chip market.

桑賈伊・梅洛特拉，美光執行長SANJAY MEHROTRA, MICRON CEO

記憶體晶片製造商美光（Micron）執行長桑賈伊・梅洛特拉（Sanjay Mehrotra）擁有超過40年經驗，並與使用美光產品的輝達密切合作。Sanjay Mehrotra, chief executive of memory chip maker Micron , has over four decades of experience and has worked closely with Nvidia, which uses Micron products.

梅赫羅特拉自2017年起領導這家美國最大記憶體晶片製造商，並協助推動其轉型為AI系統的關鍵供應商。加入美光之前，梅赫羅特拉於1988年共同創辦快閃記憶體先驅SanDisk，並留任至該公司2016年出售為止。他自2011年起擔任執行長，協助將SanDisk打造成《財星》500大半導體公司。Mehrotra has led the largest US memory chipmaker since 2017 and helped drive its transformation into a key supplier for AI systems. Before joining Micron, Mehrotra co-founded flash-memory pioneer Sandisk in 1988 and remained with the company until its 2016 sale. He served as chief executive from 2011, helping build Sandisk into a Fortune 500 semiconductor company.

在梅赫羅特拉領導下，美光深化了與輝達的關係，並轉向用於AI伺服器的高頻寬記憶體晶片。隨著AI基礎設施需求激增，這項轉變協助推升該公司估值至約1兆美元。Under Mehrotra, Micron has deepened ties with Nvidia and pivoted toward high-bandwidth memory chips used in AI servers. The shift helped propel the company to a roughly $1 trillion valuation as demand for AI infrastructure surged.

麥特・墨菲，邁威爾科技執行長MATT MURPHY, MARVELL TECHNOLOGY CEO

客製化晶片製造商邁威爾科技（Marvell Technology）執行長麥特・墨菲（Matt Murphy），已成為AI基礎設施熱潮中的重要人物。他一方面與輝達密切合作，另一方面也協助雲端巨頭開發客製化晶片，目標是降低對輝達處理器的依賴。Matt Murphy, chief executive of custom chipmaker Marvell Technology, has emerged as a prominent figure in the AI infrastructure boom, working closely with Nvidia while helping cloud giants develop custom chips intended to reduce reliance on Nvidia processors.

墨菲自2016年起領導邁威爾，將這家公司從專注於儲存的晶片製造商，轉型為資料中心、網路與AI基礎設施技術的主要供應商。加入邁威爾前，他在Maxim Integrated任職超過20年，擔任過多種職務。Murphy has led Marvell since 2016, transforming the company from a storage-focused chipmaker into a major supplier of data-center, networking and AI infrastructure technology. Before joining Marvell, he spent more than 20 years at Maxim Integrated in various roles.

在墨菲領導下，邁威爾成為AI熱潮最大贏家之一。它擴大客製化晶片業務，贏得大型雲端客戶，並強化與輝達的關係。黃仁勳6月稱邁威爾是下一家「兆美元公司」，帶動其股價創下歷史新高。Under Murphy, Marvell has become one of the biggest winners of the AI boom. It has expanded its custom-chip business, won major cloud customers and strengthened ties with Nvidia. Huang called Marvell the next "trillion-dollar company" in June, helping send its shares to a record high.

強尼・斯魯吉，蘋果硬體長JOHNY SROUJI, APPLE CHIEF HARDWARE OFFICER

強尼・斯魯吉（Johny Srouji）負責全球唯一市值高於輝達的公司——蘋果——所有硬體的工程開發。他的職責範圍包括蘋果裝置內的微晶片、蜂巢式數據機、顯示器、相機與電池，並向9月接替提姆・庫克的執行長約翰・特納斯（John Ternus）報告。Johny Srouji oversees engineering of all hardware at the only company worth more than Nvidia — Apple. His remit includes microchips, cellular modems, displays, cameras and batteries inside its devices, and he reports to CEO John Ternus, who succeeded Tim Cook in September.

斯魯吉協助蘋果成為自行設計處理器的晶片強權。他於2008年加入蘋果，負責主導iPhone主處理器的開發。這項工作後來發展為Apple Silicon，也就是蘋果為自家裝置自行設計的晶片。蘋果與輝達都和台積電（TSMC）合作；台積電為這兩家加州公司設計的晶片代工生產，讓斯魯吉得以看見輝達一項關鍵合作關係的內部情況。Srouji helped turn Apple into a chip powerhouse that designs its own processors. He joined Apple in 2008 to lead development of the main processor for the iPhone. That work grew into Apple Silicon, the chips Apple designs in-house for its devices. Apple and Nvidia both work with TSMC, the Taiwanese company that makes chips the California companies design, giving Srouji visibility into a key Nvidia partnership.

加入蘋果之前，斯魯吉曾在英特爾與IBM擔任資深處理器設計職務。他擁有以色列理工學院（Technion-Israel Institute of Technology）電腦科學學士與碩士學位。Before Apple, Srouji held senior processor design roles at Intel and IBM. He has bachelor’s and master’s degrees in computer science from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology.

提姆・庫克，蘋果前執行長TIM COOK, FORMER APPLE CEO

也許川普是對的？2011年共同創辦人史蒂夫・賈伯斯（Steve Jobs）去世後，提姆・庫克成功完成領導蘋果這項艱鉅任務，因此接下傳奇人物的棒子，正是他的履歷之一。Maybe Trump is right? Tim Cook succeeded in the difficult task of leading Apple after co-founder Steve Jobs died in 2011, so picking up the reins from a legend is on his resume.

在長達15年的執行長任內，他將公司市值從3500億美元推升至龐大的4.5兆美元。如今蘋果是唯一市值高於輝達的公司。Over a 15-year stint as CEO, he took the company to a massive $4.5 trillion market capitalization from $350 billion. Apple today is the only company worth more than Nvidia.

他因Apple Watch與AirPods等熱門產品的設計而獲得讚譽，也建立了蘋果的服務相關業務，使其成為龐大的營收來源。He won plaudits for design of such hit products as the Apple Watch and AirPods and also built the company's services-related business, which became a huge source of revenue.

庫克加碼把中國作為蘋果主要製造基地，這帶來龐大的效率提升，但也使公司暴露於風險之中，尤其是在川普提高關稅之際。他也經營與川普的關係，定期透過電話與川普保持聯繫，並出席總統與其他人士的私人晚宴。Cook doubled down on using China as Apple's main manufacturing base, which delivered massive efficiency gains but exposed the company to risks, especially as Trump hiked tariffs. He also cultivated Trump, staying in regular touch with him by phone and joining private dinners with the president and others.

庫克仍擔任董事會執行主席。他在全球各地奔走，維護並促進蘋果的商業利益，包括10月前往中國，這是他今年第3度訪中。Cook remains executive chairman of the board. He travels globally, promoting Apple's interests, including a trip to China in October, his third visit of the year.

（Christian Plumb、Jo Mason、Anhata Rooprai與Peter Henderson採訪；Cynthia Osterman編輯）(Reporting by Christian Plumb, Jo Mason, Anhata Rooprai and Peter Henderson; Editing by Cynthia Osterman)