獨家：間諜醜聞引發美國管制疑慮，中國AI企業急搶輝達晶片算力

北京11月12日（路透）——三名知情人士表示，中國AI公司正試圖在中國境外租用由輝達（Nvidia）晶片驅動的算力，因為他們擔心，涉及這家美國晶片製造商執行長黃仁勳（Jensen Huang）的醜聞，可能促使華府收緊對它們遠端使用先進處理器的限制。BEIJING, Nov 12 (Reuters) - Chinese AI companies are trying to rent Nvidia-powered computing capacity outside China, worried that the scandal involving the US chipmaker's CEO Jensen Huang could spur Washington to tighten restrictions on their remote use of advanced processors, three people familiar with the matter said.

為保護美國在這個關鍵產業的主導地位，華府限制向中國出口輝達最先進的AI晶片。但中國企業可透過租用海外資料中心算力，遠端使用這類處理器。Seeking to protect US dominance of the critical sector, Washington restricts exports to China of Nvidia's most advanced AI chips. But Chinese companies can access such processors remotely by renting computing power at data centres overseas.

目前這波搶租算力的行動顯示，中國科技企業愈來愈擔心，美國出口管制的這個缺口如今可能將被堵上。The current move to secure rented capacity points to growing concern among Chinese technology companies that the gap in US export controls may now be closed.

知情人士表示，中國一家大型雲端服務供應商已在內部討論是否鎖定海外輝達晶片算力；也有一些公司已聯繫資料中心營運商，洽詢預留算力。由於事涉敏感，這些人士不願具名，也不願透露該雲端服務供應商身分。A major Chinese cloud provider has discussed internally whether to lock in overseas Nvidia chip capacity, while some companies have contacted data-centre operators about reserving it, the people said. The people declined to be identified, or to identify the cloud provider, due to the sensitivity of the matter.

其中兩名知情人士表示，規模較小的AI實驗室也在考慮採取類似行動，包括接洽東南亞主要的出租算力供應商。Smaller AI labs are considering similar steps, including approaching major providers of rented computing power in Southeast Asia, two of the people said.

知情人士表示，這些公司擔心，圍繞黃仁勳的爭議可能為美國《遠端存取安全法案》（Remote Access Security Act，RASA）增添政治推力；該法案將授權商務部監管對受限技術的遠端、雲端存取。眾議院1月以369票對22票通過該法案，目前等待參議院採取行動。The companies fear the controversy surrounding Huang could add political momentum to the Remote Access Security Act, or RASA, a US bill that would give the Commerce Department authority to regulate remote, cloud-based access to restricted technology, the people said. The House of Representatives passed the bill in January by a 369-22 vote, and it awaits Senate action.

輝達先進處理器用於訓練和運行大型AI模型，這些模型支撐聊天機器人和其他生成式AI產品。限制海外雲端存取，將使中國開發者更難在不直接進口晶片的情況下取得高階算力。Advanced Nvidia processors are used to train and run the large AI models behind chatbots and other generative AI products. Restricting overseas cloud access would make it harder for Chinese developers to obtain high-end computing power without importing the chips directly.

中國間諜指控引發美國審查CHINESE SPY ALLEGATIONS TRIGGER US SCRUTINY

輝達的黃仁勳週日表示，他曾對妻子不忠。《紐約時報》報導，涉事女性是新加坡雲端運算公司Megaspeed前高層愛麗絲・黃（Alice Huang），而且美國當局已認定她是中國情報資產。黃仁勳與愛麗絲・黃沒有親屬關係。Nvidia's Huang said on Sunday that he had been unfaithful to his wife. The New York Times reported that the woman involved was Alice Huang, a former executive at Singapore-based cloud-computing company Megaspeed, and that US authorities had concluded she was a Chinese intelligence asset. Jensen and Alice Huang are not related.

路透社無法獨立查證這項指控；中國已否認該指控。Reuters could not independently verify that allegation, which China has denied.

Megaspeed因涉嫌協助中國客戶取得受美國出口管制的先進輝達晶片，受到美國當局審查。該公司否認非法將晶片轉運至中國。Megaspeed has faced scrutiny from US authorities over suspicions it helped Chinese customers obtain advanced Nvidia chips that were subject to US export controls. The company has denied illegally diverting chips to China.

Megaspeed週四在聲明中表示，該公司已配合美國商務部工業暨安全局（Bureau of Industry and Security）的檢查，並聘請一家美國頂尖律師事務所，對其圖形處理器進行全面盤點，且獨立查核其出口管制合規做法。In a statement on Thursday, Megaspeed said it had cooperated with inspections by the US Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security and hired a leading US law firm to conduct a comprehensive inventory of its graphics processing units and independently verify its export-control compliance practices.

該公司表示，歡迎政府審查，並承諾遵守美國出口管制法律。It said it welcomed government scrutiny and was committed to complying with US export-control laws.

輝達與美國商務部未回應採訪請求。Nvidia and the US Commerce Department did not respond to requests for comment.

中國AI公司股票週四在香港大跌，市場擔心這場爭議可能導致美國收緊取得先進晶片的限制。阿里巴巴一度下跌7.1%，AI模型開發商Z.AI和MiniMax跌幅都至少達7%。Shares of Chinese AI companies fell sharply in Hong Kong on Thursday amid concerns that the controversy could lead to tighter US restrictions on access to advanced chips. Alibaba fell as much as 7.1%, while AI model developers Z.AI and MiniMax both dropped at least 7%.

兩名知情人士表示，愛麗絲・黃與包括騰訊和阿里巴巴在內的幾家中國領先科技公司有業務往來和投資關係。Alice Huang had business dealings and investment ties with several leading Chinese technology companies, including Tencent and Alibaba, according to two people familiar with the matter.

騰訊表示，其算力採購、租賃與營運遵守適用法律法規，包括出口管制。Tencent said its computing procurement, leasing and operations complied with applicable laws and regulations, including export controls.

該公司表示：「我們不知道、也未參與這些報導所提及的任何涉嫌不法活動，也未與相關人士有任何業務往來或投資關係。」"We have no knowledge of, nor involvement in, any alleged unlawful activities referenced in these reports, nor do we have any business dealings or investment ties with the individuals concerned," the company said.

阿里巴巴未回應採訪請求。Alibaba did not respond to a request for comment.

走私查緝疑慮升高，灰色市場採購激增GREY-MARKET BUYING SURGES AMID FEARS OF SMUGGLING CRACKDOWN

兩名知情人士表示，執法可能趨嚴的前景，也推升中國灰色市場對受限輝達AI晶片的需求，促使交易商和中間商開始囤積這些處理器。The prospect of tougher enforcement has also fuelled demand for restricted Nvidia AI chips in China's grey market, prompting traders and intermediaries to start stockpiling these processors, two of the people said.

他們表示，買家擔心這場爭議可能促使美國更廣泛打擊先進晶片和AI伺服器走私進入中國。They said buyers fear the controversy could prompt a broader US crackdown on smuggling of advanced chips and AI servers into China.

採購紀錄顯示，一所與中國人民解放軍關係深厚的中國大學，上月儘管被列入美國出口黑名單，仍購買了輝達強大的H200 AI晶片，凸顯華府遏制中國取得先進技術的努力存在漏洞。A Chinese university with deep ties to the People's Liberation Army bought Nvidia's powerful H200 AI chips last month despite being on a US export blacklist, procurement records show, highlighting gaps in Washington's efforts to curb China's access to advanced technology.

美國檢方3月起訴美超微電腦（Super Micro Computer）共同創辦人廖益賢（Yih-Shyan「Wally」Liaw）及另外兩人，指控他們密謀透過一家總部位於東南亞的公司，將含有輝達晶片的伺服器轉運至中國。US prosecutors in March charged Super Micro Computer co-founder Yih-Shyan "Wally" Liaw and two others with conspiring to divert servers containing Nvidia chips to China through a Southeast Asia-based company.

檢方表示，該公司在2024年至2025年間向美超微購買約25億美元伺服器，其中相當大一部分被轉運至中國。被告尚未被定罪。Prosecutors said the company bought about $2.5 billion of servers from Super Micro between 2024 and 2025, and that a substantial portion was diverted to China. The defendants have not been convicted.

（路透社員工報導；Eduardo Baptista、Lincoln Feast與Joe Bavier編輯）(Reporting by Reuters Staff; Editing by Eduardo Baptista, Lincoln Feast and Joe Bavier)