輝達間諜指控可能推動立法，收緊中國取得AI晶片的管道

記者凱倫・弗萊費爾德（Karen Freifeld）By Karen Freifeld

紐約11月9日（路透社）——議員與倡議人士表示，有消息指輝達（Nvidia）執行長黃仁勳（Jensen Huang）與一名疑似中國情報人員有關係，這可能使美國國會更有可能通過旨在收緊中國取得AI晶片管道的立法。NEW YORK, Nov 9 (Reuters) - Congress is more likely to pass legislation aimed at tightening China's access to AI chips in light of news that Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang had a relationship with a suspected Chinese intelligence agent, lawmakers and advocates said.

三項與晶片相關的措施預定可能納入2027會計年度年度國防授權法案，該年度已於10月開始。黃仁勳的婚外情，以及他與美國總統川普（Donald Trump）的密切關係，使各界對中國取得先進晶片、可能損害美國國家安全的疑慮增添新的急迫性。Three chip-related measures are slated for possible inclusion in the annual defense authorization bill for fiscal year 2027, which began in October. Huang's affair, and his close relationship with President Donald Trump, has added new urgency to concerns about China's access to advanced chips that could undermine US national security.

這些措施包括《AI Overwatch Act》，該法案將賦予國會對先進晶片出口的權力；《Chip Security Act》，該法案將要求企業追蹤其晶片以打擊走私；以及《Match Act》，該法案將推動美國盟友對中國限制更多製造晶片的設備。The measures are the AI Overwatch Act, which would give Congress power over advanced chip exports, the Chip Security Act, which would require businesses to track their chips to combat smuggling, and the Match Act, which would push US allies to restrict more chipmaking equipment to China.

一名前國會幕僚表示，根據他數月來與輝達的直接接觸，輝達被視為《Chip Security Act》和《AI Overwatch Act》的最大反對者。Nvidia is considered the biggest opponent of both the Chip Security and AI Overwatch acts, according to one former congressional staffer who had direct contact with the company over several months.

在美國司法部去年提出與晶片走私相關的起訴之前，黃仁勳與輝達一直主張不存在這類走私。該公司表示遵守出口法規。Until the US Department of Justice brought indictments tied to chip smuggling last year, Huang and Nvidia had argued there was no such smuggling. The company said it complied with export laws.

輝達不予評論。Nvidia declined to comment.

美國眾議院外交事務委員會今年稍早已推進這三項法案。這些法案目前已列入參議院《國防授權法案》的管理套案。The House Foreign Affairs Committee advanced all three bills earlier this year. They are now in the Senate National Defense Authorization Act management package.

麻薩諸塞州民主黨參議員伊麗莎白・華倫（Elizabeth Warren）與印第安納州共和黨籍同僚吉姆・班克斯（Jim Banks）週一在共同聲明中表示，「輝達執行長黃仁勳證實與一名疑似中國情報機構間諜的人士有關係，使這些國家安全疑慮更加迫切。」In a joint statement on Monday, Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and her Republican colleague Jim Banks of Indiana said that "Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang's confirmation of a relationship with a suspected spy for China's intelligence service makes these national security concerns even more urgent."

兩人還表示：「國會是時候採取果斷行動，在《國防授權法案》中通過《AI Overwatch Act》等關鍵法案，切斷中國取得先進晶片的管道。」They added: "It is time for Congress to take decisive action to pass key bills like the AI Overwatch Act in the NDAA that will cut off pathways through which China accesses advanced chips."

今年3月，這兩名參議員曾敦促美國商務部暫停或重新審視輝達對中國的出口許可，並進行全面安全審查。In March, the senators had urged the Department of Commerce to suspend or reconsider Nvidia's export licenses to China and conduct a full security review.

伊利諾州民主黨眾議員比爾・佛斯特（Bill Foster）呼應這兩名參議員的看法。針對黃仁勳婚外情的消息，佛斯特週一在X上發文表示：「國會有工具可以防止強大的AI晶片落入錯誤的人手中，並構成國家安全風險。」Democratic Representative Bill Foster of Illinois echoed the senators’ sentiments. “Congress has the tools to prevent powerful AI chips from getting in the wrong hands and posing a national security risk,” Foster posted on X on Monday, in response to news of Huang’s affair.

他說，他與密西根州共和黨眾議員比爾・惠曾加（Bill Huizenga）共同提出的《Chip Security Act》已在眾議院委員會獲一致通過。「是時候讓它完成最後一哩路了，」他說。He said the Chip Security Act he introduced with Republican Representative Bill Huizenga of Michigan had passed unanimously out of committee in the House. “It’s time to get it across the finish line,” he said.

支持這些措施的華府非營利組織Americans for Responsible Innovation發言人克里斯・麥肯齊（Chris MacKenzie）表示：「這些法案需要跨越的障礙，是讓白宮支持。隨著所有浮上檯面的情況，若白宮在限制中國取得晶片的問題上與國會對抗、支持輝達，代價會很高。」"The hurdle these bills need to clear is getting the White House onboard," said Chris MacKenzie, a spokesman for Americans for Responsible Innovation, a Washington nonprofit organization that favors the measures. "With everything that's surfaced, it would be costly for the White House to back Nvidia in a fight with Congress over restricting Chinese access to chips."

白宮未對這些措施發表評論。The White House did not comment on the measures.

資訊科技產業協會（Information Technology Industry Council）的會員包括輝達等團體，該協會反對這些措施，主張它們可能削弱美國競爭力，並使出口管制政策複雜化。該協會一名發言人拒絕就目前輝達的情況發表評論。The Information Technology Industry Council, whose members include Nvidia, among other groups, has opposed the measures, arguing they could undermine US competitiveness and complicate export control policy. A spokeswoman for the council declined comment on the current Nvidia situation.

（凱倫・弗萊費爾德紐約報導；克里斯・桑德斯與大衛・加芬編輯）(Reporting by Karen Freifeld in New York; editing by Chris Sanders and David Gaffen)