新加坡表示，氣候談判應聚焦落實措施，而非新目標

大衛・史丹威（David Stanway）報導By David Stanway

新加坡，11月9日（路透社）— 新加坡環境部長表示，週一展開的全球氣候談判不太可能就抑制溫室氣體產生新目標，但談判代表在落實已經同意的措施方面仍有許多工作要做。SINGAPORE, Nov 9 (Reuters) - Global climate talks starting on Monday are unlikely to yield new targets on curbing greenhouse gases, but negotiators have plenty to do to implement measures already agreed, Singapore's environment minister said.

傅海燕（Grace Fu）向記者表示，在土耳其舉行的年度聯合國談判中，「我認為我們並不期待減緩目標會有重大升級」。她說：「但即使是在《巴黎協定》內，就我們已經同意的內容而言，也已經足夠了。有很多事情可以推動。」"I think that we are not expecting a major upgrade in mitigation targets" at the annual UN talks in Turkey, Grace Fu told reporters. "But we have enough, even within the Paris Agreement, with what we have already agreed on. There is enough to work on."

來自近200個國家的代表團正在安塔利亞參加為期12天的COP31會議，尋求敲定更多減排措施。他們預計將就電氣化、限制全球氣溫上升，以及氣候資金等領域進行談判。Delegations from nearly 200 countries are meeting in Antalya for the 12-day COP31 conference, seeking to thrash out more steps on reducing emissions. They are set to negotiate on areas including electrification, limiting the rise in global temperatures and climate finance.

傅海燕週五表示，儘管談判代表面臨「逆風」，包括美國與以色列對伊朗發動的戰爭所引發的能源安全疑慮，但在氣候調適等議題上仍有進展空間，也有機會在主要談判程序之外達成個別協議。While negotiators face "headwinds", including energy security concerns arising from the US-Israeli war against Iran, there is room for progress on issues like climate adaptation and opportunities to reach separate agreements outside the main negotiation process, Fu said on Friday.

傅海燕：談判「碎片化」，需要領導力LEADERSHIP NEEDED WITH TALKS 'FRAGMENTED', FU SAYS

氣候談判程序已受到批評。傅海燕的巴拿馬對口官員胡安・卡洛斯・納瓦羅（Juan Carlos Navarro）在近期一場聯合國生物多樣性會議上表示，必須取得一致同意的要求，讓單一代表團也能「阻撓」進展。The climate negotiation process has come under criticism. Fu's Panamanian counterpart, Juan Carlos Navarro, told a recent UN biodiversity conference that the need to secure unanimity allowed single delegations to "torpedo" progress.

也有人呼籲擴大資金基礎，因為中國和中東石油國等如今已相當富裕的經濟體，仍被歸類為開發中國家，而開發中國家沒有義務為氣候融資出資。There are also calls to broaden the funding base, with now-prosperous economies like China and Middle East petrostates still classified as developing countries — which are not obliged to contribute to climate financing.

傅海燕說：「就像許多多邊論壇一樣，大家對於缺乏進展，以及這些體系可能沒有跟上最新地緣政治現實，感到挫折。」她並補充：「問題在於我們如何推動那樣的改變，以及領導力從何而來。我看不到這次COP會出現推動如此劇烈變革的領導力。」"Like many multilateral fora, there's a frustration about lack of progress and how maybe the systems have not kept up with the latest geopolitical realities," Fu said, adding: "It's about how we have that change and where the leadership is coming from. I don't see that leadership for such drastic change appearing at this COP."

她表示，談判如今「碎片化得多」，而美國總統唐納・川普（Donald Trump）決定讓美國退出《巴黎協定》，仍對整個程序造成影響。傅海燕說，5年前，各國「更願意動用政治資本和領導力來提出解方」，但如今「更分心」。She said talks were now "a lot more fragmented", with President Donald Trump's decision to pull the US out of the Paris pact still weighing on the process. Five years ago, Fu said, countries were "more prepared to exercise their political capital, their leadership, to bring about solutions," but they were now "more distracted".

10月大部分時間，新加坡都籠罩在有害霾害之中，霾害來自印尼大範圍地區延燒的野火。這個城市國家上週修正跨境霾害法，賦予政府更多權力懲罰造成火災的責任方。For much of October, Singapore was swathed in hazardous haze generated by wildfires raging across large parts of Indonesia. The city-state amended its transboundary haze law last week to give it more powers to punish those responsible for the fires.

傅海燕表示，最終目標是「形塑企業的行為」。Fu said the ultimate aim was to "shape the behaviour" of businesses.

她說：「我希望我們不必提出起訴，但這項法律的存在，會讓企業意識到後果，也會促使它們做正確的事，以免遭到起訴。」"I'm hoping that we will not have to prosecute, but the fact that it's there will just make businesses realise that there are consequences and that they will do the right thing to avoid being prosecuted," she said.

「這其實只是要求你做法律要求你做的事，這樣你就不會傷害他人。而那種傷害不只是對新加坡人，也是對印尼和印尼人民。」"It's really just do whatever that is legally required of you, so that you don't cause harm to others. And that harm is not just to Singaporeans, it's to Indonesia and Indonesians."

（大衛・史丹威新加坡報導；William Mallard編輯）(Reporting by David Stanway in Singapore; Editing by William Mallard)