A customer buys face masks at a supermarket in Istanbul, Turkey, May 8, 2020. (Photo by Osman Orsal/Xinhua)
Evidence showed that fraud, scams and seizures, involving the manufacture and trafficking of substandard and falsified medical products, have followed the spread of the virus.
UNITED NATIONS, July 8 (Xinhua) -- A surge in demand for medical products to combat COVID-19 has led to a jump in the trafficking of substandard and faulty merchandise, according to the results of a UN research project published on Wednesday.
"Health and lives are at risk with criminals exploiting the COVID-19 crisis to cash in on public anxiety and increased demand for PPE and medications," said Ghada Waly, executive director of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
Among its countless other impacts, the coronavirus has further highlighted the shortcomings in regulatory and legal frameworks aimed at preventing the manufacturing and selling of these products, said the UNODC research brief, entitled "COVID-19-related Trafficking of Medical Products as a Threat to Public Health."
The research revealed that criminal gangs are exploiting both the uncertainties surrounding the coronavirus along with inconsistencies in national regulation regimens.
"Transnational organized crime groups take advantage of gaps in national regulation and oversight to peddle substandard and falsified medical products," said the UN crime-fighting chief.
A vendor sells face masks at a market in Santiago, Chile, April 16, 2020. (Photo by Jorge Villegas/Xinhua)
The falsification of medical products bears significant risks for public health as products may not properly treat the disease and may facilitate the development of drug resistance.
Criminal groups have also quickly adjusted to the opportunities arising from the COVID-19 pandemic to exploit the vulnerabilities and gaps in the health and criminal justice systems.
Evidence showed that fraud, scams and seizures, involving the manufacture and trafficking of substandard and falsified medical products, have followed the spread of the virus.
In one case, German health authorities contracted two sales companies in Switzerland and Germany to procure 15 million euros (about 17 million U.S. dollars) worth of face masks through a cloned website of an apparently legitimate company in Spain.
"We need to help countries increase cooperation to close gaps, build law enforcement and criminal justice capacity, and drive public awareness to keep people safe," Waly noted.
A street vendor sells face masks and hand sanitizers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, March 17, 2020. (Xinhua)
The pandemic has also highlighted a boom in data-based scams, including phishing and business email attacks, or the creation of fake corporate websites to fool purchasers.
UNODC's study also predicted that the behavior of organized criminal groups will gradually change over the course of the pandemic.
When a vaccine is developed, it will likely lead to a shift in focus away from PPE smuggling to trafficking in the vaccine.
Moreover, cyberattacks on critical infrastructure involved in addressing the pandemic are also likely to continue in the form of online scams aimed at health procurement authorities, according to the research.
Strengthening legal frameworks and penalties, and a more harmonized global approach to the criminalization of the manufacture and trafficking of falsified medical products is crucial, as only a common approach will enable effective responses to crimes impacting individuals and public health, according to the UNODC brief.
At the same time, however, preventing, detecting, and responding to medical product-related crime will require people who work in the medical product sector to acquire new or additional skills. ■
